Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification of Groundwater Using a Simplified Reactor for Drinking Water: A Case Study in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification of Groundwater Using a Simplified Reactor for Drinking Water: A Case Study in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
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DOI：
10.3390/w13040444
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发表时间：
2021-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kenta Shinoda;A. K. Maharjan;Rabindra Maharjan;T. Singhopon;Suphatchai Rujakom;Y. Tsutsumi;B. Shakya;T. Kamei;R. Eamrat;F. Kazama
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文献类型：
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作者：
Kenta Shinoda;A. K. Maharjan;Rabindra Maharjan;T. Singhopon;Suphatchai Rujakom;Y. Tsutsumi;B. Shakya;T. Kamei;R. Eamrat;F. Kazama
地下水是尼泊尔加德满都谷地的主要水源，硝酸盐氮（NO3−-N）含量高是地下水的典型特征。考虑到加德满都山谷目前的水资源短缺问题，迫切需要一种用户友好的系统来去除地下水中的NO3−-N。在这项研究中，一个简化的氢营养反硝化（HD）反应器开发的加德满都山谷，其有效性进行了评估，其处理原水的能力。反应器运行了157天，显示出稳定性和耐用性。平均脱氮率为80.9 ± 16.1%，氮负荷和脱氮速率分别为23.8 ~ 92.3 g-N/（m3·d）和18.3 ~ 73.7 g-N/（m3·d）。与以前的HD反应堆相比，这种简化的HD反应堆对加德满都山谷来说是一种更方便用户的选择，因为反应堆所用的大多数材料都是当地提供的，需要的维护较少。该反应器被推荐用于家庭一级的地下水处理。目前处理能力为40 L/d，可满足4-5人家庭的日常饮用水和烹饪用水需求。
High nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−–N) content is a typical feature of groundwater, which is the primary water source in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Considering the Kathmandu Valley’s current problem of water scarcity, a user-friendly system for removing NO3−–N from groundwater is promptly desired. In this study, a simplified hydrogenotrophic denitrification (HD) reactor was developed for the Kathmandu Valley, and its effectiveness was evaluated by its ability to treat raw groundwater. The reactor operated for 157 days and showed stability and robustness. It had an average nitrogen removal efficiency of 80.9 ± 16.1%, and its nitrogen loading rate and nitrogen removal rate varied from 23.8 to 92.3 g–N/(m3∙d) and from 18.3 to 73.7 g–N/(m3∙d), respectively. Compared to previous HD reactors, this simplified HD reactor is a more user-friendly option for the Kathmandu Valley, as most of the materials used for the reactor were locally available and require less maintenance. The reactor is recommended for groundwater treatment at the household level. It has a current treatment capacity of 40 L/d, which can fulfill the daily requirements for drinking and cooking water in a household with 4–5 people.