Space use, habitat selection, and day-beds of the common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) in human-modified habitats in Sabah, Borneo
Space use, habitat selection, and day-beds of the common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) in human-modified habitats in Sabah, Borneo
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DOI：
10.1644/12-mamm-a-140.1
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发表时间：
2013-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yoshihiro Nakashima;Miyabi Nakabayashi;J. R. Sukor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yoshihiro Nakashima;Miyabi Nakabayashi;J. R. Sukor
摘要 哺乳动物的空间利用和栖息地选择取决于关键资源的分布和可用性。有关空间利用和栖息地选择的此类信息对于野生种群的保护和管理是必要的。我们揭示了婆罗洲沙巴人工改造栖息地矩阵中 12 种常见果子狸 (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) 栖息地利用的决定因素。尽管天然林内的研究表明，普通果子狸的空间利用主要取决于果实的可用性，但我们假设我们研究区域的空间利用可能会受到其他因素的影响，因为栖息地特征已与自然栖息地的特征相比发生了很大的改变。我们的结果表明，对于男性和女性来说，空间利用在很大程度上受到水果供应的影响。具体而言，95% 的最小凸多边形活动范围因活动区域内水果丰富的油棕种植园的存在而受到负面影响。在森林中，果子狸在特定先锋植物的结果季节增加了活动范围的大小；他们在非结果季节的活动范围之外参观了这些植物的果树。然而，日用床的可用性也影响了果子狸的活动范围。白天，果子狸使用油棕种植园的频率低于栖息地可用性的预期，并且经常撤退到邻近的森林或森林碎片。在种植园休息时，他们选择蕨类植物茂密、叶子较多的棕榈树，并经常重复利用这些树。我们的研究结果表明，水果的供应和合适的日间栖息地对于人类改造的栖息地中普通果子狸的生存可能很重要，应该保留或恢复以进行果子狸保护。
Abstract Space use and habitat selection of mammals are determined by the distribution and availability of critical resources. Such information on space use and habitat selection is necessary for the conservation and management of wild populations. We revealed the determinants of habitat use for 12 common palm civets (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) within a matrix of human-modified habitats in Sabah, Borneo. Although studies within natural forests have reported that space use of common palm civets is mainly determined by fruit availability, we hypothesized that space use in our study area might be affected by other factors because the habitat characteristics have been largely modified from those of natural habitats. Our results showed that, for both males and females, space use is largely affected by fruit availability. Specifically, the 95% minimum convex polygon home range was negatively affected by the presence of a fruit-rich oil palm plantation in the ranging area. In forest, civets increased home-range size during the fruiting season of specific pioneer plants; they visited the fruiting trees of those plants outside the ranging area of the nonfruiting season. However, availability of day-beds also influenced the ranging pattern of civets. During the day, civets used the oil palm plantation less frequently than expected from habitat availability and often retreated to adjacent forest or forest fragments. When resting in the plantation, they selected palm trees with dense mats of ferns and larger numbers of leaves, and often reused these trees. Our results indicate that fruit availability and suitable day-bed sites may be important for the survival of common palm civets in human-modified habitats and should be preserved or restored for civet conservation.