The wave form of atmospherics at night
The wave form of atmospherics at night
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夜间大气的波形
DOI：
10.1098/rspa.1940.0085
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发表时间：
1940
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. W. Van Wyk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Schonland;J. S. Elder;D. B. Hodges;W. E. Phillips;J. W. Van Wyk
夜间从2000公里范围内的源接收到的所有大气电波的波形。可以准确地描述为一个地面脉冲，然后是一系列由电离层和地球之间的连续反射产生的天空脉冲，经常记录三十次这样的反射。这些脉冲的峰值之间的时间间隔由行进的距离和层的高度确定。由源发射的主脉冲通常是周期范围从50到400//秒的单个完整振荡。距离大于500公里。地面脉冲和第一天空脉冲由于它们之间的时间间隔短而合并。脉冲之间的幅度、形式和相位的差异可以由来自母闪电通道的发射角度的差异引起。反射层的高度可在± 1 km内确定。范围从85-5到90-5公里。在冬季的两个月内，平均为88-0公里。通过分析脉冲序列发现的源的距离通过阴极射线定向仪的独立定位得到证实。对于较长周期的脉冲，该层的反射系数超过0-80。地面脉冲的速度在可以测试的地方是在光的0.7%以内。
The wave form of all atmospherics received at night from sources within 2000 km. can be accurately described as a ground pulse followed by a series of sky pulses produced by successive reflexions between the ionosphere and the earth, thirty such reflexions being frequently recorded. The time separation between the peaks of these pulses is determined by the distance travelled and the height of the layer. The primary pulse emitted by the source is usually a single complete oscillation of period ranging from 50 to 400//sec. A t distances greater than 500 km. the ground pulse and the first sky pulse merge owing to the shortness of the time interval between them . Differences of amplitude, form and phase between pulses can arise from differences in angle of emission from the parent lightning channel. The height of the reflecting layer can be determined within ± 1 km. It ranged from 85-5 to 90-5 km. during two winter months, with a mean of 88-0 km. The distances of the sources as found by analysis of the pulse series were corroborated by independent location with cathode-ray direction-finders. The reflexion coefficient of the layer for the pulses of longer period exceeded 0-80. The velocity of the ground pulse where it can be tested is within 0.7 % of that of light.