The Promise, Practicalities, and Perils of Virtually Auditing Neighborhoods Using Google Street View
The Promise, Practicalities, and Perils of Virtually Auditing Neighborhoods Using Google Street View
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DOI：
10.1177/0002716216681488
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Rundle, Andrew G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bader, Michael D. M.;Mooney, Stephen J.;Rundle, Andrew G.
收集社区特征数据的现场审计为研究将社区条件与个人和社区的不平等结果联系起来的机制提供了机会，但与进行社区审计相关的费用和后勤困难限制了其使用。谷歌街景收集的图像为研究人员提供了一个有前途的替代方案，可以测量跨城市的社区环境，并检查社区条件在更广泛的地理范围内的变化。我们描述了使用“虚拟”社区审计的好处，并讨论了从虚拟审计中收集数据的实用性。我们提供了纽约、圣何塞、费城和底特律这四个城市中老年人疾病分布的个人和社区层面不平等的例子。尽管虚拟审计前景广阔，但它们也带来了随着研究进展必须解决的危险；我们在这里介绍并讨论这些危险。
In-person audits to collect data on neighborhood characteristics offer opportunities to study the mechanisms that link neighborhood conditions to unequal outcomes for individuals and communities, but the expense and logistical difficulties associated with conducting neighborhood audits have limited their use. The images collected by Google Street View provide a promising alternative for researchers to measure neighborhood environments across cities and to examine how neighborhood conditions vary across a wider geographic scope. We describe the benefits of using " virtual" neighborhood audits and discuss the practicalities of collecting data from virtual audits. We provide an example of individual-and neighborhood-level inequality in the distribution of disorder for older adults across four cities: New York, San Jose, Philadelphia, and Detroit. Despite the promise of virtual audits, they also introduce perils that must be addressed as research progresses; we introduce and discuss those perils here.