Prolonged exposure to stressors suppresses exploratory behavior in zebrafish larvae
Prolonged exposure to stressors suppresses exploratory behavior in zebrafish larvae
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.224964
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Strother, James A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haney, William A.;Moussaoui, Bushra;Strother, James A.
环境应激诱导脊椎动物快速的生理和行为转变。然而，神经生物学机制负责应激诱导的行为变化是复杂的，并没有得到很好的理解。类似于哺乳类脊椎动物，斑马鱼成年人显示出对黑暗环境的偏好，这与捕食者回避有关，通过应激源增强，并广泛用于焦虑样行为的测定。虽然斑马鱼的幼虫是理解神经回路的一个突出的模式生物，但很少有研究考察压力对它们行为的影响。本研究探讨了有毒化学和电击应激对斑马鱼幼鱼运动和光偏好的影响。我们发现，这两种压力源引发了类似的行为变化。急性暴露导致游泳活动增加。而长时间暴露会抑制活动。无论是压力产生了一致的转变，在光明-黑暗的偏好，但长期暴露于这些压力导致了显着减少探索不同的视觉环境。我们还使用全脑钙成像检查了暴露于有害化学线索的影响，并确定了最后区（一个含有去甲肾上腺素能和多巴胺能神经元的后脑区域）的神经相关性。药物阻断实验表明，α-肾上腺素能受体有助于对急性应激的行为反应，但对长期应激的反应不是必需的。这些结果表明，斑马鱼幼虫有复杂的行为反应的压力与成年动物，也表明，这些反应是由类似的神经通路介导的。
Environmental stressors induce rapid physiological and behavioral shifts in vertebrate animals. However, the neurobiological mechanisms responsible for stress-induced changes in behavior are complex and not well understood. Similar to mammalian vertebrates, zebrafish adults display a preference for dark environments that is associated with predator avoidance, enhanced by stressors, and broadly used in assays for anxiety-like behavior. Although the larvae of zebrafish are a prominent model organism for understanding neural circuits, few studies have examined the effects of stressors on their behavior. This study examines the effects of noxious chemical and electric shock stressors on locomotion and light preference in zebrafish larvae. We found that both stressors elicited similar changes in behavior. Acute exposure induced increased swimming activity. while prolonged exposure depressed activity. Neither stressor produced a consistent shift in light-dark preference, but prolonged exposure to these stressors resulted in a pronounced decrease in exploration of different visual environments. We also examined the effects of exposure to a noxious chemical cue using whole-brain calcium imaging, and identified neural correlates in the area postrema, an area of the hindbrain containing noradrenergic and dopaminergic neurons. Pharmaceutical blockade experiments showed that a-adrenergic receptors contribute to the behavioral response to an acute stressor but are not necessary for the response to a prolonged stressor. These results indicate that zebrafish larvae have complex behavioral responses to stressors comparable to those of adult animals, and also suggest that these responses are mediated by similar neural pathways.