Thermomechanische Einflüsse auf die Tribologie von Synchronisierungen
Thermomechanische Einflüsse auf die Tribologie von Synchronisierungen
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同步摩擦学热力学分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
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通讯作者：
S. Neudörfer
中科院分区：
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作者：
S. Neudörfer
Sascha Neudörfer：现代车辆变速器中摩擦学系统“同步”的功能和运行寿命主要取决于相关部件的摩擦磨损特性。目前的发展趋势是朝着更紧凑、更轻、性能更高的变速箱发展。为了满足更高的要求，同步器系统采用现代摩擦对，其突出特点包括高耐磨性以及在应力条件下的极大摩擦稳定性。本文重点分析了具有现代摩擦对的同步器系统在极端应力下的摩擦学行为，以及同步器系统的高机械应力和热应力引起的热-机械相互作用。对两种具有不同材料-润滑剂组合的耐磨系列同步器系统进行了广泛的实验研究，并为每一种同步器建立了模型计算，以根据不同的应力参数正确预测磨损。在有限程度的磨损和高应力的条件下，系统的特性变得明显，到目前为止还没有广泛的分析。其中包括发生在顶板角度、环刚度和构件公差的相互作用。通过试验研究、有限元计算和专门设计的试验体，分几个步骤分析了它们的影响。首先，对顶板角度、环刚度和构件公差的影响进行了试验研究。在此基础上，利用热-力学有限元模型，分析了摩擦接触过程中压力和温度随副作用分布的变化规律。最后，通过使用特殊设计的试验体，将副作用的影响降到最低。在模型系统的帮助下，可以得到同步器系统中现代摩擦对摩擦学行为的详细视图。由于相同的几何尺寸，可以直接比较摩擦系数和温度的发展。作为一种化合物的摩擦材料的热特性的分析确定为未来机械和热布局的计算和模拟提供了基础结果。此外，还解释了同步系统构造布局的实用信息。通过对环段和对置摩擦面进行应力优化布置，减小了摩擦面的机械应力。通过优化的热布局，摩擦表面温度也可以降到最低。在这种情况下，重要的是，除其他因素外，局部摩擦表面温度是由接触压力产生的；因此，就摩擦面应力而言，机械系统特性占主导地位。Schlagworte: Synchronisierung, thermoechanischer Einfluss, Modellprüfkörper Synchronizer，热-机械影响，设计模型系统
Sascha Neudörfer: Thermo-mecanical influences on the tribology of Synchronizer systems Function and running life of the tribological system “synchronization” in transmissions of modern vehicles are mainly determined by friction and wear characteristics of involved components. The current trend in development goes towards more compact, lighter transmissions with high performance. In order to meet higher requirements, synchronizer systems use modern friction pairing whose outstanding features include high wear resistance as well as great friction stability under stress conditions. This thesis focuses on the analysis of tribological behaviour of synchronizer systems with modern friction pairing under extreme stress as well as thermo-mechanical interaction caused by high mechanical and thermal stress of synchronizer systems. Extensive experimental studies were carried out with two wear-resistant series synchronizer systems with different material-lubricant-combinations and for each one a model calculation was established to properly forecast wear depending on varying stress parameters. In conditions of limited degrees of wear and high stress of the systems that were examined, system characteristics became obvious that had not been analyzed extensively so far. Among these were interactions occurring at the roof angles, ring rigidity and component tolerance. Their influence was analyzed in several steps with the help of experimental studies, FEM calculation as well as specially designed test bodies. First, experimental studies of the influence of roof angles, ring rigidity and component tolerance were carried out. Then, with the help of the thermo-mechanical FEM model, the determination of the distribution of pressure and temperature during friction contact depending on side effects was analyzed. Finally, by using specially designed test bodies, the influence of side effects was brought down to a minimum. With the help of model systems it was possible to get a detailed view of tribological behaviour of modern friction pairing in synchronizer systems. Because of the same geometric dimensions, a direct comparison of the development of friction factor and temperature was possible. The analytical determination of thermal characteristics of frictional material as a compound offers ground results for calculation and simulation of future mechanical and thermal layouts. Furthermore, practical information on constructive layouts of synchronized systems is explained. With the help of a stress-optimized layout of the ring section and the opposed friction surface, mechanical stress of the friction surface is reduced. With an optimized thermal layout, the friction surface temperature can also be minimized. In this case it is important that, among other factors, the local friction surface temperature results from contact pressure; therefore mechanical system characteristics are dominant as far as stress of the friction surface is concerned. Schlagworte: Synchronisierung, thermomechanischer Einfluss, Modellprüfkörper Synchronizer, thermo-mechanical influence, design model system