Blurred transitions of female genital cutting in a Norwegian Somali community
Blurred transitions of female genital cutting in a Norwegian Somali community
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0220985
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发表时间：
2019-08-15
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Johansen, R. Elise B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johansen, R. Elise B.
虽然侨民社区对女性生殖器切割 (FGC) 的批评越来越多，但也存在持续的趋势。为了探索连续性和变化之间的相互作用，我设计了一项针对挪威索马里移民的研究。由六名索马里研究助理组成的团队通过深入访谈和焦点小组讨论，收集了 72 名年龄在 16 岁至 57 岁之间的男性和女性研究参与者的数据。该研究的目的是收集可以改善移民人口干预措施的知识。研究结果表明，女性生殖器切割作为一种转型实践的经历意味着人们必须在不同且部分矛盾的社会规范之间进行调整。本文首先讨论了对女性生殖器切割的强烈负面态度与极低的参与度之间的矛盾。缺乏参与的原因是女性生殖器切割日益私有化，以及由于在挑战原籍国亲属的女性生殖器切割做法方面的过渡和权力被剥夺而导致的不安全感。其次，本文探讨了女性生殖器切割作为一种正在消失的做法的看法与对延续趋势的认识之间的矛盾。持续趋势包括与前往原籍国旅行期间的风险认知、对去婚的抵制、对圣行割礼的支持以及对女性生殖器切割对于结婚的重要性的不安全感有关的趋势。因此，尽管人们对阴阴锁阴形式的女性生殖器切割几乎普遍持否定态度，但持续的变化在某种程度上可能会阻碍进一步的变化。这表明，为了确保在放弃这种做法方面取得进一步进展，必须解决这些复杂且相互关联的期望。
While diaspora communities have become more critical of Female Genital Cutting (FGC), there are also trends of continuity. To explore the interplay between continuity and change, I designed a study among Somali migrants in Norway. A team of six Somali research assistants collected data from 72 male and female research participants between 16 and 57 years of age through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The aim of the study was to gather knowledge that could improve interventions among migrant populations. The study findings indicate that the experience of FGC as a practice in transition implies that people have to maneuver between different and partly contradictory social norms. The paper first discusses the contradiction between a strong negative attitude toward FGC and very low engagement. The lack of engagement is explained by the increased privatization of FGC and insecurities due to the transition and disempowerment with regard to challenging the FGC practices of relatives based in countries of origin. Second, the paper explores the contradiction between perceptions of FGC as a disappearing practice and the recognition of trends of continuation. Trends of continuation include those related to perceptions of risk during travel to countries of origin, resistance to defibulation, support for sunna circumcision and insecurities regarding the significance of FGC for marriageability. Thus, despite an almost universally negative attitude toward FGC in the form of infibulation, ongoing changes can, to some extent, hamper further change. This suggests that to ensure further progress in the abandonment of the practice, these complex and interconnected expectations must be addressed.