Viability of Female Germ-Line Cells Homozygous for Zygotic Lethals in DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER.
Viability of Female Germ-Line Cells Homozygous for Zygotic Lethals in DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER.
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果蝇合子致死纯合雌性生殖系细胞的活力。
DOI：
10.1093/genetics/103.2.235
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Leonard G. Robbins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. García;Leonard G. Robbins
我们分析了不同类型的X染色体在纯合克隆的女性生殖细胞的活力。染色体携带有可存活的突变、单顺反子合子致死突变和半致死突变，或小的（约6条染色体带）缺失。纯合生殖系克隆是通过与一个X连锁的、显性的、无配子的雌性不育的杂合雌性进行重组而产生的。所有的合子活的突变体在生殖细胞中也是活的。在检测的16个缺失中（共发现93个条带），只有2个（4条和5条条带）是生殖细胞活的。在15个致命的互补组中的zeste-white区域的突变进行了测试。当已知时，测试每个基因座的最极端等位基因。只有5个位点（33%）的突变体在生殖系中存活。对表皮细胞中相同缺失和点突变致死的类似研究表明，42%的条带和77%的致死等位基因是可行的。因此，生殖系细胞比表皮细胞具有更严格的细胞自主遗传要求。从三个生殖细胞活zw突变的克隆中回收的卵使胚胎在胚胎发生早期被阻止，尽管来自杂合子卵原细胞的基因型相同的胚胎在幼虫时死亡，甚至在成虫逃逸时孵化。对于两个基因，测试的突变的纯合性也导致了杂合雌性胚胎的胚胎停滞，在一种情况下，卵子根本没有发育。一个相当泄漏突变的生殖系克隆产生的卵子与正常卵子无法区分。丰富的基因，其产品所需的卵子发生，其产品是需要在卵母细胞，其活动是需要在合子发育过程中进行了讨论。
We have analyzed the viability of different types of X chromosomes in homozygous clones of female germ cells. The chromosomes carried viable mutations, single-cistron zygotic-lethal and semi-lethal mutations, or small (about six chromosome band) deletions. Homozygous germ-line clones were produced by recombination in females heterozygous for an X-linked, dominant, agametic female sterile.All the zygotic-viable mutants are also viable in germ cells. Of 16 deletions tested (uncovering a total of 93 bands) only 2 (of 4 and 5 bands) are germ-cell viable. Mutations in 15 lethal complementation groups in the zeste-white region were tested. When known, the most extreme alleles at each locus were tested. Only in five loci (33%) were the mutants viable in the germ line. Similar studies of the same deletions and point-mutant lethals in epidermal cells show that 42% of the bands and 77% of the lethal alleles are viable. Thus, germ-line cells have more stringent cell-autonomous genetic requirements than do epidermal cells.The eggs recovered from clones of three of the germ-cell viable zw mutations gave embryos arrested early in embryogenesis, although genotypically identical embryos derived from heterozygous oogonia die as larvae or even hatch as adult escapers. For two genes, homozygosis of the mutations tested also caused embryonic arrest of heterozygous female embryos, and in one case, the eggs did not develop at all. Germ-line clones of one quite leaky mutation gave eggs that were indistinguishable from normal. The abundance of genes whose products are required for oogenesis, whose products are required in the oocyte, and whose activity is required during zygotic development is discussed.