Context dependency of animal resource subsidies

Context dependency of animal resource subsidies
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动物资源补贴的背景依赖性

DOI:
10.1111/brv.12465
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
10
通讯作者:
Post, David M.
Post, David M.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Subalusky, Amanda L.;Post, David M.

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通过动物运输资源补贴在一系列物种和生态系统中都有记录。尽管许多研究表明,动物资源补贴可以对养分循环、生态系统生产力和食物网结构产生重大影响,但这些影响的发生和强度存在很大差异。在这里,我们提出了一个概念框架,了解动物资源补贴的背景依赖性,并开发和测试预测的影响,动物补贴的空间和时间。我们提出了一个总体框架,在这个框架中,非生物特征和来自供体生态系统的动物媒介特征相互作用,以确定动物输入的数量、质量、时间和持续时间(QQTD)。动物投入通过接受者生态系统特征的透镜转化,包括非生物和消费者特征,以产生补贴的QQTD。转化的补贴通过对营养结构和生态系统功能的影响来影响受体生态系统的动态,这既可以影响受体生态系统对进一步投入的响应,也可以反馈影响供体生态系统。我们提出了一个跨生态系统边界的动物资源补贴的研究综述,放置在这个框架的背景下,我们讨论了如何QQTD的资源补贴可以影响营养结构和生态系统功能的受体生态系统。我们探讨了在日益变化的生态系统中了解动物资源补贴的背景依赖性的重要性,其中动物病媒以及捐助者和受体生态系统的特征可能正在迅速变化。最后,我们提出了建议,为未来的研究动物资源补贴,资源补贴一般,这将增加我们的理解和预测能力,其生态系统的影响。
The transport of resource subsidies by animals has been documented across a range of species and ecosystems. Although many of these studies have shown that animal resource subsidies can have significant effects on nutrient cycling, ecosystem productivity, and food‐web structure, there is a great deal of variability in the occurrence and strength of these effects. Here we propose a conceptual framework for understanding the context dependency of animal resource subsidies, and for developing and testing predictions about the effects of animal subsidies over space and time. We propose a general framework, in which abiotic characteristics and animal vector characteristics from the donor ecosystem interact to determine the quantity, quality, timing, and duration (QQTD) of an animal input. The animal input is translated through the lens of recipient ecosystem characteristics, which include both abiotic and consumer characteristics, to yield the QQTD of the subsidy. The translated subsidy influences recipient ecosystem dynamics through effects on both trophic structure and ecosystem function, which may both influence the recipient ecosystem's response to further inputs and feed back to influence the donor ecosystem. We present a review of research on animal resource subsidies across ecosystem boundaries, placed within the context of this framework, and we discuss how the QQTD of resource subsidies can influence trophic structure and ecosystem function in recipient ecosystems. We explore the importance of understanding context dependency of animal resource subsidies in increasingly altered ecosystems, in which the characteristics of both animal vectors and donor and recipient ecosystems may be changing rapidly. Finally, we make recommendations for future research on animal resource subsidies, and resource subsidies in general, that will increase our understanding and predictive capacity about their ecosystem effects.
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