Work-family policies and women’s job mobility: Emerging divides in female workforce in Japan
Work-family policies and women’s job mobility: Emerging divides in female workforce in Japan
复制标题
工作家庭政策和女性工作流动性：日本女性劳动力中新出现的鸿沟
DOI：
10.1080/21582041.2022.2092202
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Junko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishimura;Junko
工作-家庭政策对妇女就业的影响，必须在推行政策的体制背景下加以考虑。本研究探讨了自20世纪90年代以来，在日本的背景下，25 - 45岁的妇女所经历的退出工作和改变引入工作家庭政策的影响。过去三十年的特点是劳动力市场的二元性加深，劳动力市场地位对权利至关重要的基本社会福利框架继续存在，规范性家庭主义加强。对日本消费者跟踪调查的跟踪数据的分析表明，随着工作-家庭政策的发展，妇女离职的可能性越来越小。不过，这种现象仅限于有正规就业的妇女。有学龄前儿童的母亲没有增加她们对劳动力市场的依恋。有正规就业的妇女不太可能更换工作的趋势没有改变。结果表明，工作-家庭政策不仅促进了妇女就业，而且也造成了女性劳动力的分化。此外，研究结果表明，必须注重体制安排，以了解这种差距是如何产生的。
The impact of work–family policies on women’s employment must be considered in the institutional context wherein policies are introduced. This study examines the impact of introducing work–family policies on job exit and change experienced by 25–45-year-old women since the 1990s in the Japanese context. The past three decades are characterised by a deepened labour market duality, continued basic social welfare framework in which labour market position is pivotal for entitlement, and intensified normative familialism. Analyses of panel data from the Japanese Panel Survey of Consumers show that with the development of work–family policies, women become less likely to leave their jobs. This phenomenon is, however, limited to women in regular employment. Mothers with pre-school-age children have not increased their labour market attachment. No change is noted in the tendency of women in regular employment being less likely to change their jobs. Results suggest that work–family policies have not only promoted women’s employment but also brought divides in the female labour force. Additionally, the results indicate the importance of focusing on institutional arrangements to understand how such divides are brought about.