[Home care service utilization by severely mentally and physically handicapped persons].
[Home care service utilization by severely mentally and physically handicapped persons].
复制标题
严重身心障碍者利用居家照顾服务的情况[J].
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Murashima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Yamawaki;S. Murashima
目的
调查严重弱智及肢体弱能人士在家中使用家居服务的情况，以厘清与服务有关的重要因素。
方法
通过东京和神奈川县的8个机构，向174名在这些机构登记的严重精神和身体残疾人发放了证书。其中113名受访者是本研究的对象。作为一个概念模型安徒生的模型被采用。
结果
(1)受试者的年龄从2岁到50岁不等。没有7至17岁的受试者。平均功能障碍严重程度评分（SCORE）为5.8 ± 8.4标准差。97%的主要照顾者是母亲，即使是老年人。(2)超过1/2的受试者报告使用过机构服务。另一方面，探访护士服务及家务助理服务的使用率则分别为28.3%及7.7%。(3)使用V.N.S.的受试者照顾者的健康运气和得分显著高于照顾者。护理人员使用V.N.S.作为替代，以减轻他们在家庭活动中的负担。另一方面，机构服务的使用者在日常帮助困难和医疗困难方面得分较高，表明他们寻求机构护理以减轻护理负担。(4)每个客户使用的总次数为在家庭服务的解释，只有日常帮助的困难和SCORE从多元回归分析。
结论
访视护理服务的使用者期望基于现有医学知识的高质量护理，并以照顾者的健康为目标。随着照顾者年龄的增长，加强上门护士服务，减轻照顾者负担，积极支持残疾人的家庭护理显得非常重要。
PURPOSE
To investigate the utilization of in-home services by severely mentally and physically handicapped persons at home in order to clarify the vital factors associated with the services.
METHODS
Questionnaires were delivered to 174 severely mentally and physically handicapped persons who were registered with 8 institutions in Tokyo and Kanagawa prefecture through each institution. One hundred and thirteen respondents among them were the subjects of this study. As a conceptual model Andersen's model was adopted.
RESULTS
(1) The age of subjects varied from 2 to 50. There were no subjects between the age of 7 to 17. The mean functional handicap severity score (SCORE) was 5.8 +/- 8.4 standard deviation. Ninety seven percent of main caregivers were mothers, even among the aged. (2) Over 1/2 of the subjects reported having utilized institutional services. On the other hand the percentage for visiting nurse service (VNS) and home help services were 28.3% and 7.7% respectively. (3) Subject who used V.N.S. had significantly higher SCORES and higher luck of health of caregivers. Caregivers utilized V.N.S. as a substitute to reduce their burden in activities care at home. On the other hand, users of institutional services showed high scores in difficulties with daily help and perceived difficulties with medical treatments: it showed that they sought institutional care to reduce there careburden. (4) Total number of used by each client for in-home service was explained only by both difficulties of daily help and SCORE from multiple regression analysis.
CONCLUSION
Users of visiting nursing service expect highquality care based on current medical knowledge and also with the aim of caregiver's health. With the increasing age of caregivers it appears to be important to enhance visiting nurse services, reduce the caregiver burden, and provide active support of home care for the handicapped.