Effects of the application of a moderate alternate wetting and drying technique on the performance of different European varieties in Northern Italy rice system
Effects of the application of a moderate alternate wetting and drying technique on the performance of different European varieties in Northern Italy rice system
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108220
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发表时间：
2021-08
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
S. Monaco;A. Volante;G. Orasen;N. Cochrane;V. Oliver;A. Price;Y. Teh;M. Martínez-Eixarch;Cyrille Thomas;B. Courtois;G. Valè
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Monaco;A. Volante;G. Orasen;N. Cochrane;V. Oliver;A. Price;Y. Teh;M. Martínez-Eixarch;Cyrille Thomas;B. Courtois;G. Valè
干湿交替（AWD）技术已在世界上一些国家的水稻系统上开发和评估，以提高水利用效率和减少永久性洪水的负面影响，如甲烷排放和土壤中砷的有效性增加。在这项研究中，进行了为期两年的稻田试验，以评估应用在北方意大利水稻区的中度AWD，即只在作物的营养生长期和积水保持之后，与连续洪水（CF）系统相比。从作物物候、形态性状、根系生产、氮素吸收、产量、精米产量和籽粒中微量元素含量等方面研究了12个欧洲水稻品种对AWD的适应性。结果表明，由于地下水位较浅，节水效果显著（40.7%）.在这些土壤气候条件下，温和的AWD对作物状况和最终生产力的影响非常有限，商业品种没有表现出显着不同的适应性水分胁迫。此外，AWD降低了砷（As）的浓度，但增加了粮食镉（Cd）的程度，这种反应依赖于品种，这表明基因型在这方面起着重要的作用，适应AWD。
Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) technique has been developed and evaluated on rice (Oryza sativa) systems in several countries worldwide for increasing water use efficiency and reducing negative effects of permanent flooding, like the increase in methane emissions and arsenic availability in soil. In this study, a paddy field experiment was carried out for two years to evaluate the application in Northern Italy rice area of a moderate AWD, i.e. only implemented during the vegetative phase of the crop and ponded water maintained thereafter, compared with Continuous Flooding (CF) system. The adaptability of 12 European commercial rice cultivars to AWD was investigated in terms of crop phenology, morphological traits, root production, nitrogen (N) uptake, yield, milled rice yield and microelement concentration in grains. Results showed substantial (40.7 %) water saving probably favoured by the presence of a shallow water table. In these pedoclimatic conditions, very limited effects of a mild AWD on crop status and final productivity were recorded and the commercial cultivars did not display significant different adaptabilities to the water stress. Moreover, AWD decreased arsenic (As) concentration in grain but increased grain Cadmium (Cd) being the degree of such a response dependent upon the variety, suggesting that the genotype plays an important role in this aspect of adaptation to AWD.