Use of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle reveals small-scale diel vertical migrations of zooplankton and susceptibility to light pollution under low solar irradiance
Use of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle reveals small-scale diel vertical migrations of zooplankton and susceptibility to light pollution under low solar irradiance
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.aap9887
复制
发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Johnsen, Geir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ludvigsen, Martin;Berge, Jorgen;Johnsen, Geir
光是地球上几乎所有生命的主要线索。然而，我们大多数关于光的重要性的知识都是基于生物体在白天对光的反应，包括黄昏和黎明阶段。当它是黑暗的，光通常被认为是污染，其负面的生态影响越来越多的赞赏。使用装有高光谱辐照度传感器和声学剖面仪的自主水面航行器，我们检测并量化了北极极夜未受污染的光环境中浮游动物的行为，并将结果与我们研究船附近的光污染环境进行了比较。首先，在没有光污染的环境中，浮游动物群落与环境光状态密切相关，并且在30米以上进行同步昼夜垂直迁移，尽管太阳从未升起。第二，绝大多数水层群落在100米以下观察到的人造光存在的情况下，表现出强烈的光逃逸反应。我们的结论是，从传统的采样平台的人造光影响浮游动物群落的程度，这是不可能的，以检查其丰富度和自然节奏内的上100米。这项研究强调，需要调整采样平台，特别是在昏暗的光线条件下，以获取相关的物理和生物数据，用于生态研究。它还强调了该地区对光污染的前所未有的敏感性，由于冰盖减少和人类活动增加，该地区的光气候注定会发生显着变化。
Light is a major cue for nearly all life on Earth. However, most of our knowledge concerning the importance of light is based on organisms' response to light during daytime, including the dusk and dawn phase. When it is dark, light is most often considered as pollution, with increasing appreciation of its negative ecological effects. Using an Autonomous Surface Vehicle fitted with a hyperspectral irradiance sensor and an acoustic profiler, we detected and quantified the behavior of zooplankton in an unpolluted light environment in the high Arctic polar night and compared the results with that from a light-polluted environment close to our research vessels. First, in environments free of light pollution, the zooplankton community is intimately connected to the ambient light regime and performs synchronized diel vertical migrations in the upper 30m despite the sun never rising above the horizon. Second, the vast majority of the pelagic community exhibits a strong light-escape response in the presence of artificial light, observed down to 100 m. We conclude that artificial light from traditional sampling platforms affects the zooplankton community to a degree where it is impossible to examine its abundance and natural rhythms within the upper 100 m. This study underscores the need to adjust sampling platforms, particularly in dim-light conditions, to capture relevant physical and biological data for ecological studies. It also highlights a previously unchartered susceptibility to light pollution in a region destined to see significant changes in light climate due to a reduced ice cover and an increased anthropogenic activity.