‘CHILDREN ARE NICE TO UNDERSTAND’: SURFACE STRUCTURE CLUES FOR THE RECOVERY OF A DEEP STRUCTURE
‘CHILDREN ARE NICE TO UNDERSTAND’: SURFACE STRUCTURE CLUES FOR THE RECOVERY OF A DEEP STRUCTURE
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“孩子们很容易理解”：恢复深层结构的表面结构线索
DOI：
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发表时间：
1970
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Cromer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Cromer
一项实验测试了孩子们对“约翰很容易看到”这类句子的理解。人们发现，正确的解释这个结构是一个晚收购（6岁后）。年龄最小的儿童通常将表层结构主体解释为行动者或深层主体。只有智力年龄在6：8以上的儿童才能正确地恢复深层结构。使用“新”（无意义）形容词与测试结构，它被发现，年龄较大的儿童利用转换，使他们只需要听到一个新的形容词一次在一个单一的分化框架，以分配正确的解释句子中的形容词是唯一的线索，为恢复适当的深层结构。本文还讨论了语言习得任务中的重测一致性问题。
An experiment tested understanding by children of sentences of the type ‘John is easy to see’. It was found that correct interpretation of this structure is a late acquisition (after age 6). Youngest children usually interpreted the surface structure subject as being the actor or deep subject. Only children above mental age 6:8 were able to recover deep structure correctly. Using ‘new’ (nonsense) adjectives in conjunction with the test structure, it was found that older children made use of transformations so that they only needed to hear a new adjective once in a single differentiating frame in order to assign correct interpretations to sentences where that adjective was the only clue for the recovery of the proper deep structure. The problem of test–retest consistency in language acquisition tasks is also discussed.