Event- and context-specific normative misperceptions and high-risk drinking: 21st Birthday celebrations and football tailgating
Event- and context-specific normative misperceptions and high-risk drinking: 21st Birthday celebrations and football tailgating
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.2006.67.282
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lewis, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Neighbors, C;Oster-Aaland, L;Lewis, MA
目的：酒精相关的负面后果通常发生在特定事件和特定背景下（例如，21岁生日庆祝活动和尾随par-ties）。缺乏可用的事件和背景特定的干预措施表明，需要更好地了解在这些情况下与大量饮酒相关的因素，着眼于制定具体的干预措施。本研究的目的是通过评估学生在这些特定背景下是否高估了规范，为21岁生日庆祝饮酒和尾随饮酒制定个性化的规范反馈干预措施奠定基础。方法：在两项研究中，在特定事件和特定背景水平上评估了感知描述性规范和饮酒量。研究1包括119名年满21岁的学生，他们报告了他们21岁生日时的饮酒行为，并估计了庆祝21岁生日的学生的典型饮酒量。研究2包括140名大学生从分层随机抽样谁报告了他们的行为，饮酒和尾随和他们的感知规范典型的饮酒和尾随行为。结果如下：研究结果显示，学生高估了同龄人在庆祝21岁生日时的饮酒量，而这种高估与自己21岁生日时的饮酒量有关。在研究2中，学生们低估了尾随者喝酒的比例，但高估了典型的消费。在尾随过程中，高估总是与大量饮酒有关。结论：在其他研究中，成功纠正一般的规范性误解已被证明可以减少饮酒。这些结果提供的具体事件和背景的规范性误解的文件是一个重要的步骤，在制定事件和具体背景的干预措施，利用具体的规范性反馈。
Objective: Negative alcohol-related consequences often occur during specific events and in specific contexts (e.g., 21st birthday celebrations and tailgating par-ties). A lack of available event- and context-specific interventions suggests the need to better understand factors associated with heavy drinking in these contexts, with an eye toward developing specific interventions. The purpose of this research was to lay the foundation for developing personalized normative feedback interventions for 21st birthday celebratory drinking and tailgating drinking by evaluating whether students overestimate norms in these specific contexts, as they do more generally. Method: Perceived descriptive norms and alcohol consumption were assessed at event- and context-specific levels in two studies. Study 1 included 119 students turning 21 years old who reported their 21st birthday drinking behavior and estimated the typical number of drinks consumed by students celebrating their 21st birthday. Study 2 included 140 undergraduates drawn from a stratified random sample who reported their behavior regarding drinking and tailgating and their perceived norms for typical drinking and tailgating behavior. Results: Results from Study I revealed that students overestimated peer drinking during 21st birthday celebrations, and this overestimation was associated with heavier drinking on one's own 21st birthday. In Study 2, students underestimated the percentage of tailgaters who drank but overestimated typical consumption. Overestimation was consistently associated with heavier drinking during tailgating. Conclusions: Successful correction of general normative misperceptions has been shown to reduce drinking in other research. Documentation of normative misperceptions for specific events and contexts provided by these results represents an important step in developing event- and context-specific interventions utilizing specific normative feedback.