Exploring the effect of loneliness on all-cause mortality: Are there differences between older adults and younger and middle-aged adults?
Exploring the effect of loneliness on all-cause mortality: Are there differences between older adults and younger and middle-aged adults?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113087
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Jose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lara, Elvira;Moreno-Agostino, Dario;Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Jose
目的：本研究旨在调查孤独感与全因死亡率之间的关系，为期六年的随访期间，采用整体样本和年龄组（18-59岁和60岁以上）。方法。对西班牙非收容成人人口的全国代表性样本进行纵向前瞻性研究（n = 4467）。死亡率通过与国家死亡指数的联系来确定，或在家庭访问期间获得。加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独感量表用于测量孤独感。性别、年龄、受教育程度、体育活动、烟草消费、体重指数、残疾、抑郁、生活状况和社会参与也被视为协变量。采用多变量Cox比例风险模型。结果。在全协变量调整模型中，较高水平的孤独感与整个人群的死亡风险无关（HR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.94, 1.12）。孤独感与年龄组之间的交互作用项显著，表明孤独感存活率因年龄而异（HR = 1.29，中青年个体95% CI = 1.02, 1.63; HR = 0.96，老年人95% CI = 0.89, 1.04）。结论。旨在解决青年和中年人孤独感的干预措施的发展可能有助于降低死亡风险。未来的研究需要验证我们的结果是否可以被复制。
Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between loneliness and all-cause mortality over a six-year follow-up period using the overall sample and by age groups (18-59 years and 60+ years). Method. Data from a longitudinal, prospective study of a nationally-representative sample of the Spanish non-institutionalized adult population were analysed (n = 4467). Mortality was ascertained via linkage to the National Death Index or obtained during the household visits. The UCLA Loneliness Scale was used to measure loneliness. Sex, age, education, physical activity, tobacco consumption, body mass index, disability, depression, living situation, and social participation were also considered as covariates. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were carried out. Results. A higher level of loneliness was not associated with mortality risk in fully covariate-adjusted models over the entire population (HR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.94, 1.12). The interaction term between loneliness and age groups was significant, indicating that the rate for survival of loneliness varied by age (HR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.63 for young- and middle-aged individuals; HR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.89, 1.04 for older adults). Conclusions. The development of interventions aimed at tackling loneliness among young- and middle-aged adults might contribute to a mortality risk reduction. Future research is warranted to test whether our results can be replicated.