The effect of pressure differential and care provider movement on airborne infectious isolation room containment effectiveness
The effect of pressure differential and care provider movement on airborne infectious isolation room containment effectiveness
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ajic.2010.05.025
复制
发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Lynch, Robert A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adams, Noah J.;Johnson, David L.;Lynch, Robert A.
背景：空气传播的传染性隔离室（AIIR）相对于周围区域保持负压，以防止潜在传染性飞沫核的迁移。目前美国的设计标准要求压差仅为 2.5 帕斯卡 (Pa)，而其他一些国家的压差为 15 Pa。这项工作的目的是比较在没有提供者流量和模拟高提供者流量的条件下，在 2.5 至 20 Pa 的压差下，正确设计的配备接待室的医院 AIIR 的遏制效率。方法：将荧光微球释放到 AIIR 中以模拟传染性飞沫核。在 2.5、11 和 20 Pa 的压差条件下，在有或没有护理人员穿过 AIIR 的情况下，测量了 AIIR 内部、接待室和走廊接待室门处的空气浓度。通过将空气采样到过滤器上来收集颗粒，并通过荧光显微镜进行计数。结果：观察到提供者交通期间的遏制有效性降低，与之前的研究一致。遏制随着负压差的增加而增加，并随着提供者流量的增加而减少。结论：提供者流量对遏制产生不利影响。随着压差的增加，密封性得到改善。接待室在限制净颗粒逃逸方面发挥着重要作用，特别是在提供者穿过空间期间。
Background: Airborne infectious isolation rooms (AIIRs) are maintained at a negative pressure relative to surrounding areas to prevent migration of potentially infectious droplet nuclei. Current US design standards require a pressure differential of only 2.5 Pascals (Pa), compared with 15 Pa in some other countries. The purpose of this work was to compare containment efficiency in a properly designed anteroom-equipped hospital AIIR at differential pressures ranging from 2.5 to 20 Pa under conditions of no provider traffic and simulated high provider traffic.Methods: Fluorescent microspheres were released into the AIIR to simulate infectious droplet nuclei. Airborne concentrations were measured inside the AIIR, in the anteroom, and at the corridor-anteroom door both with and without care provider movement through the AIIR under differential pressure conditions of 2.5, 11, and 20 Pa. Particles were collected by air sampling onto filters, with enumeration via fluorescent microscopy.Results: Reduced containment effectiveness during provider traffic was observed, consistent with previous studies. Containment increased with increasingly negative pressure differential and decreased with increasing provider traffic.Conclusions: Provider traffic adversely affected containment. Containment improved with an increasing pressure differential. The anteroom plays an important role in limiting net particle escape, especially during provider movement through the space.