Functional morphology of gill ventilation of the goosefish, Lophius americanus (Lophiiformes: Lophiidae)
Functional morphology of gill ventilation of the goosefish, Lophius americanus (Lophiiformes: Lophiidae)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.zool.2016.01.006
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bemis, William E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farina, Stacy C.;Bemis, William E.
美洲鹅鱼是一种背腹压缩的海鱼，一生中的大部分时间都坐在底物上等待伏击猎物。在鱼类中记录到的一些物种的换气周期是最慢的，典型的换气周期长达90 S以上。它们有一个巨大的颧腔，由长长的支骨鳍条支撑，末端是位于胸鳍底部下方和后面的虹吸式鳃开口。我们的目标是描述美洲对虾相对典型的鳍鱼的鳃通风的运动学特征，解决先前关于该属的通风的断言，并描述鳃开口的解剖学。我们发现，与典型的鳍鱼(S 62至127)相比，换气第一阶段(口腔室和颧室都在扩张)的持续时间大大增加，在这一阶段，鳃骨射线缓慢扩张。这种缓慢的膨胀在视觉上几乎是不可察觉的，特别是从背部看。尽管第一阶段异常长，但骨骼运动的模式遵循了典型的放线蕨类动物的模式，驳斥了以前关于刘易斯在通风过程中不使用颌骨、悬垂和盖骨的断言。当个体受到沉积物的干扰时，他们倾向于通过缩短第一阶段的持续时间(至18-30 S)而呼吸更快。对颧口的解剖显示，舌骨内收肌向背侧延伸，从鳃骨射线之间穿过颧口的腹内侧壁，到达身体的背侧中线。舌骨内收肌的这种形态与许多四齿形目动物的形态相似，我们认为它可能是扇形目+四齿形目的同构体。刘易斯颧室的特殊解剖和功能代表了极端的修改，为深入了解放线蕨类鳃通风系统的潜在限制提供了洞察力。(C)2016年爱思唯尔股份有限公司。版权所有。
The goosefish, Lophius americanus, is a dorso-ventrally compressed marine fish that spends most of its life sitting on the substrate waiting to ambush prey. Species in the genus Lophius have some of the slowest ventilatory cycles recorded in fishes, with a typical cycle lasting more than 90 s. They have a large gill chamber, supported by long branchiostegal rays and ending in a siphon-like gill opening positioned underneath and behind the base of the pectoral fin. Our goals were to characterize the kinematics of gill ventilation in L. americanus relative to those of more typical ray-finned fishes, address previous assertions about ventilation in this genus, and describe the anatomy of the gill opening. We found that phase 1 of ventilation (during which both the buccal and gill chamber are expanding) is greatly increased in duration relative to that of typical ray-finned fishes (ranging from 62 to 127 s), and during this phase, the branchiostegal rays are slowly expanding. This slow expansion is almost visually imperceptible, especially from a dorsal view. Despite this unusually long phase 1, the pattern of skeletal movements follows that of a typical actinopterygian, refuting previous assertions that Lophius does not use its jaws, suspensorium, and operculum during ventilation. When individuals were disturbed from the sediment, they tended to breathe more rapidly by decreasing the duration of phase 1 (to 18-30 s). Dissections of the gill opening revealed a previously undocumented dorsal extension of the adductor hyohyoideus muscle, which passes from between the branchiostegal rays, through the ventro-medial wall of the gill opening, and to the dorsal midline of the body. This morphology of the adductor hyohyoideus shares similarities with that of many Tetraodontiformes, and we suggest that it may be a synapomorphy for Lophiiformes + Tetraodontiformes. The specialized anatomy and function of the gill chamber of Lophius represents extreme modifications that provide insight into the potential limits of the actinopterygian gill ventilatory system. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.