Metatranscriptomics of the human oral microbiome during health and disease.
Metatranscriptomics of the human oral microbiome during health and disease.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.01012-14
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Whiteley M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jorth P;Turner KH;Gumus P;Nizam N;Buduneli N;Whiteley M
人体微生物组在健康中起着重要作用，但当被破坏时，这些相同的本土微生物可能会导致疾病。微生物组的组成在从健康到疾病的转变过程中发生变化;然而，这些变化在患者中往往不保守。由于微生物组相关疾病（如牙周炎）会导致相似的患者症状，尽管患者间微生物群落组成存在差异，我们假设人类相关微生物群落在疾病期间发生保守的代谢变化。在这里，我们使用患者匹配的健康和患病样本来比较健康和患病牙周社区中16万个基因的基因表达。我们发现，健康和疾病相关的社区表现出明确的差异，在患者之间的保守代谢。相反，个体物种的代谢基因表达在患者之间高度可变。这些结果表明，尽管微生物组成的患者间差异很大，但疾病相关的群落显示出保守的代谢谱，这些代谢谱通常由患者特异性的微生物组群完成。 人类微生物组项目已经表明，我们微生物群的变化与许多疾病有关，包括肥胖症，克罗恩病，糖尿病和牙周炎。虽然在这些疾病期间微生物种群的变化是明显的，但与每种疾病相关的物种可能因患者而异。考虑到这种患者间的差异，我们假设特定的微生物群相关疾病将以保守的微生物群落行为为标志。在这里，我们使用患者匹配的健康和患病的人类牙周菌斑的基因表达分析，以表明微生物群落具有高度保守的代谢基因表达谱，而在社会中的个别物种没有。此外，疾病相关的社区表现出保守的变化，代谢和毒力基因的表达。
The human microbiome plays important roles in health, but when disrupted, these same indigenous microbes can cause disease. The composition of the microbiome changes during the transition from health to disease; however, these changes are often not conserved among patients. Since microbiome-associated diseases like periodontitis cause similar patient symptoms despite interpatient variability in microbial community composition, we hypothesized that human-associated microbial communities undergo conserved changes in metabolism during disease. Here, we used patient-matched healthy and diseased samples to compare gene expression of 160,000 genes in healthy and diseased periodontal communities. We show that health- and disease-associated communities exhibit defined differences in metabolism that are conserved between patients. In contrast, the metabolic gene expression of individual species was highly variable between patients. These results demonstrate that despite high interpatient variability in microbial composition, disease-associated communities display conserved metabolic profiles that are generally accomplished by a patient-specific cohort of microbes. The human microbiome project has shown that shifts in our microbiota are associated with many diseases, including obesity, Crohn’s disease, diabetes, and periodontitis. While changes in microbial populations are apparent during these diseases, the species associated with each disease can vary from patient to patient. Taking into account this interpatient variability, we hypothesized that specific microbiota-associated diseases would be marked by conserved microbial community behaviors. Here, we use gene expression analyses of patient-matched healthy and diseased human periodontal plaque to show that microbial communities have highly conserved metabolic gene expression profiles, whereas individual species within the community do not. Furthermore, disease-associated communities exhibit conserved changes in metabolic and virulence gene expression.