Positive Activities as Protective Factors Against Mental Health Conditions
Positive Activities as Protective Factors Against Mental Health Conditions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/a0034709
复制
发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Lyubomirsky, Sonja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Layous, Kristin;Chancellor, Joseph;Lyubomirsky, Sonja
将Nolen-Hoeksema和Watkins（2011）的transdiagnosis risk factor heuristic应用于我们对积极活动的研究（即，自然快乐的人的特征，如表达感激和慷慨的做法），我们建议这些活动可以作为保护因素，直接或通过干预引起它们的机制来减轻近端风险因素。首先，我们讨论了幸福的重要性的理论和实证支持，以及解释积极活动如何促进幸福的机制（通过促进积极情绪，积极思想，积极行为和需求满足; Lyubomirsky & Layous，2013）。其次，我们概述了积极活动如何减轻两个特定的近端风险因素（反刍和孤独）和抵消环境触发因素（即，调节器）可能放大它们（例如，通过适应性应对）。第三，我们认为，积极的活动可以教给年轻人灌输积极的情绪，思想和行为模式，这些模式可能在他们的一生中起到保护作用。最后，我们建议，某些积极的活动可能特别适合某些人和特定的风险因素。
Applying Nolen-Hoeksema and Watkins's (2011) transdiagnostic risk factor heuristic to our work on positive activities (i.e., practices that characterize naturally happy people, like expressing gratitude and practicing generosity), we propose that such activities may serve as protective factors that mitigate proximal risk factors both directly and by intervening with the mechanisms that give rise to them. First, we discuss theoretical and empirical support for the importance of well-being and the mechanisms that explain how positive activities promote well-being (by boosting positive emotions, positive thoughts, positive behaviors, and need satisfaction; Lyubomirsky & Layous, 2013). Second, we outline examples of how positive activities can mitigate two particular proximal risk factors (rumination and loneliness) and counteract environmental triggers (i.e., moderators) that might amplify them (e.g., through adaptive coping). Third, we argue that positive activities can be taught to youth to instill positive patterns of emotions, thoughts, and behaviors that may serve as protective factors over the course of their lifetimes. Lastly, we propose that certain positive activities might be particularly well-suited to certain individuals and to specific risk factors.