Xenobiotics shape the physiology and gene expression of the active human gut microbiome.

Xenobiotics shape the physiology and gene expression of the active human gut microbiome.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2012.10.052
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发表时间:
2013-01-17
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Turnbaugh PJ
Turnbaugh PJ
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Maurice CF;Haiser HJ;Turnbaugh PJ

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人类肠道含有数万亿微生物,它们通过代谢外源性物质(包括靶向宿主的药物和抗生素)来影响我们的健康。最近的努力已经表征了这种宿主相关群落的多样性,但仍不清楚哪些微生物是活跃的,以及哪些扰动影响了这种活动。在这里,我们结合联合收割机流式细胞术,16 S rRNA基因测序,和元转录组学,以证明肠道含有一组独特的活性微生物,主要是厚壁菌门。短期暴露于一组外源性物质显着影响了这种活性肠道微生物组的生理,结构和基因表达。在多个细菌门中发现了外源性反应基因,编码抗生素抗性、药物代谢和应激反应途径。这些结果证明了超越微生物多样性调查的力量,以更好地了解代谢活动,突出外源性物质的意外后果,并表明个性化医疗的尝试应该考虑活跃的人类肠道微生物组的个体间差异。
The human gut contains trillions of microorganisms that influence our health by metabolizing xenobiotics, including host-targeted drugs and antibiotics. Recent efforts have characterized the diversity of this host-associated community, but it remains unclear which microorganisms are active and what perturbations influence this activity. Here, we combine flow cytometry, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metatranscriptomics to demonstrate that the gut contains a distinctive set of active microorganisms, primarily Firmicutes. Short-term exposure to a panel of xenobiotics significantly affected the physiology, structure, and gene expression of this active gut microbiome. Xenobiotic-responsive genes were found across multiple bacterial phyla, encoding antibiotic resistance, drug metabolism, and stress response pathways. These results demonstrate the power of moving beyond surveys of microbial diversity to better understand metabolic activity, highlight the unintended consequences of xenobiotics, and suggest that attempts at personalized medicine should consider inter-individual variations in the active human gut microbiome.
DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2012.8
发表时间: 2012-08
期刊: The ISME journal
影响因子: --
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