Correcting cross-cultural stereotypes: aging in Shanghai and Canada.
Correcting cross-cultural stereotypes: aging in Shanghai and Canada.
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1025156501588
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Chappell, Neena L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chappell, Neena L
本文挑战了人们普遍认为亚洲老年人和西方文化老年人的老龄化经历主要不同的观点。调查显示，生活在中国大陆的老年人和生活在加拿大的老年人的生活状况存在许多差异，无论是华裔还是非华裔，与加拿大老年人相比，上海的老年人生活更加贫困，受教育程度也低得多，而且通常并不孤单。上海人的健康状况也更差，他们也认为自己的健康状况更差。然而，当检查两种文化中主观生活质量、生活满意度的预测因素时，预测生活满意度的是社会支持和健康。社会支持的形式（儿子的重要性在上海显而易见，而配偶在加拿大更重要）以及一个人可能遭受的特定身体健康问题在不同文化中有所不同，但社会支持和健康似乎对我们主观生活质量的影响具有普遍性。同样，在检查护理人员时，不同文化之间存在许多明显的差异，但在检查两种文化中的主观负担时，护理接受者健康状况恶化是负担的主要预测因素。数据表明存在具有特殊形式的跨文化共性。
This paper challenges common belief that the aging experience is primarily different for seniors in Asia and those in western cultures. The examination reveals that there are many differences in the life situation of seniors living in mainland China and those living in Canada, with Shanghais seniors living in much greater poverty, with much less education and typically not alone when compared to Canadian seniors whether they be of Chinese origin or not. The Shanghais are also in worse health and perceive themselves to be in worse health. However, when examining the predictors of subjective quality of life, life satisfaction, in both cultures it is social support and health that predict life satisfaction. The form that social support takes (the importance of sons is clearly evident in Shanghai, whereas spouses are more important in Canada) and the particular physical health problems that one might suffer from differ across cultures but it is social support and health that appear to be universal in their affects on our subjective quality of life. Similarly when examining caregivers there are many differences evident across the cultures but when examining subjective burden in both cultures it is the deteriorated health of the care receiver that is the major predictor of burden. The data suggest that there are cross-cultural universals, with particularistic forms.