Estimating 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion From Casual Urinary Sodium Concentrations in Western Populations
Estimating 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion From Casual Urinary Sodium Concentrations in Western Populations
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwt066
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Elliott, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Ian J.;Dyer, Alan R.;Elliott, Paul
饮食中钠的高摄入量与血压升高和心血管疾病的风险增加有关。国家和国际指南建议在一般人群中减少钠摄入量，这就需要在整个人群中进行监测。在盐、其他因素和血压的国际合作研究中，我们评估了随机（斑点）尿液标本在估计24小时尿钠排泄量作为钠摄入量标志方面的效用。1984 - 1987年间，从北美和欧洲29个样本中招募了5693名年龄在2059岁的参与者。参与者被随机分配到测试或验证数据集。由尿钠浓度和测试数据中的其他变量导出的方程应用于验证数据集。观察到的24小时钠排泄量与估计的24小时钠排泄量之间的相关性男性个体为0.50，女性个体为0.51；总体样本的值分别为0.79和0.71。平均值偏差（观测值减去估计值）很小；男性和女性个体水平分别为1.6 mmol / 24小时和2.3 mmol / 24小时，群体水平分别为1.8 mmol / 24小时和2.2 mmol / 24小时。24小时尿钠排泄量高于推荐水平的个体比例被模型略微高估了。在估计人群钠摄入量方面，随机尿液标本可能是一种有用的、低负担的、低成本的替代24小时尿液收集方法；建议持续校准研究特定的24小时尿液收集，以提高有效性。
High intakes of dietary sodium are associated with elevated blood pressure levels and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. National and international guidelines recommend reduced sodium intake in the general population, which necessitates population-wide surveillance. We assessed the utility of casual (spot) urine specimens in estimating 24-hour urinary sodium excretion as a marker of sodium intake in the International Cooperative Study on Salt, Other Factors, and Blood Pressure. There were 5,693 participants recruited in 19841987 at the ages of 2059 years from 29 North American and European samples. Participants were randomly assigned to test or validation data sets. Equations derived from casual urinary sodium concentration and other variables in the test data were applied to the validation data set. Correlations between observed and estimated 24-hour sodium excretion were 0.50 for individual men and 0.51 for individual women; the values were 0.79 and 0.71, respectively, for population samples. Bias in mean values (observed minus estimated) was small; for men and women, the values were 1.6 mmol per 24 hours and 2.3 mmol per 24 hours, respectively, at the individual level and 1.8 mmol per 24 hours and 2.2 mmol per 24 hours, respectively, at the population level. Proportions of individuals with urinary 24-hour sodium excretion above the recommended levels were slightly overestimated by the models. Casual urine specimens may be a useful, low-burden, low-cost alternative to 24-hour urine collections for estimation of population sodium intakes; ongoing calibration with study-specific 24-hour urinary collections is recommended to increase validity.