Genetic variation in Przewalski's horses, with special focus on the last wild caught mare, 231 Orlitza III
Genetic variation in Przewalski's horses, with special focus on the last wild caught mare, 231 Orlitza III
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DOI：
10.1159/000075754
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Zharkikh, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowling, AT;Zimmermann, W;Zharkikh, T
在我们的持续努力，以文件的遗传多样性普氏野马和国内马的相关性，我们报告的遗传变异在22个位点的血型和蛋白质多态性和29个位点的DNA（微卫星）多态性。这些基因座通过连锁或同线性作图被分配到20个常染色体和家马的X染色体上（加上4个未分配到染色体上的基因座）。使用血液、毛发或牙齿样本对568匹普氏原羚马进行测试的累积数据显示，没有发现物种定义标记，但有一些标记存在于野生物种中，而不存在于家养马中。国内马的遗传模式和连锁关系的报告似乎是保守的普氏野马。最后一匹野生捕获的母马231 Orlitza III的衍生类型提供了证据，证明在19世纪末捕获的其他物种创始人中显然没有发现（或目前没有从其血统中获得）的标记。这一信息一直是至关重要的亲子关系分析的发展在普氏野马的studbook人口在Askania Nova，在同一时间最大的圈养动物群和股票的来源，为重新引入的努力。研究中的一些马显示出与他们的父亲或母亲的遗传不相容性，与出版的种马信息相矛盾。在许多情况下，可以从活的动物中指定替代亲子关系。为了帮助鉴定正确的亲子关系，根据存档材料（牙齿）或后代建立了死亡马的DNA标记类型。遗传标记存在于血统动物中，其起源无法从创始人中解释。通过对普氏野马和10个品种家马的红细胞蛋白质、电泳和微卫星标记的遗传距离分析，发现普氏野马是家马的外群，家马的基因渗入事件并不存在。版权所有（C）2003 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔。
In our continuing efforts to document genetic diversity in Przewalski's horses and relatedness with domestic horses, we report genetic variation at 22 loci of blood group and protein polymorphisms and 29 loci of DNA (microsatellite) polymorphisms. The loci have been assigned by linkage or synteny mapping to 20 autosomes and the X chromosome of the domestic horse (plus four loci unassigned to a chromosome). With cumulative data from tests of 568 Przewalski's horses using blood, hair or tooth samples, no species-defining markers were identified, however a few markers were present in the wild species but not in domestic horses. Inheritance patterns and linkage relationships reported in domestic horses appeared to be conserved in Przewalski's horses. A derived type for the last wild caught mare 231 Orlitza III provided evidence for markers apparently not found in (or not currently available by descent from) the other species founders that were captured at the end of the nineteenth century. This information has been critical to the development of parentage analyses in the studbook population of Przewalski's horses at Askania Nova, at one time the largest herd of captive animals and the source of stock for reintroduction efforts. Some horses in the study showed genetic incompatibilities with their sire or dam, contradicting published studbook information. In many cases alternative parentage could be assigned from living animals. To assist in identification of correct parentage, DNA marker types for deceased horses were established from archived materials (teeth) or derived from offspring. Genetic markers were present in pedigreed animals whose origin could not be accounted for from founders. Genetic distance analysis of erythrocyte protein, electrophoretic and microsatellite markers in Przewlaski's horses and ten breeds of domestic horse place the Przewalski's horse as an outgroup to domestic horses, introgression events from domestic horses not withstanding. Copyright (C) 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel.