Amphotericin forms an extramembranous and fungicidal sterol sponge.
Amphotericin forms an extramembranous and fungicidal sterol sponge.
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DOI:
10.1038/nchembio.1496
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发表时间:
2014-05
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Burke MD
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anderson TM;Clay MC;Cioffi AG;Diaz KA;Hisao GS;Tuttle MD;Nieuwkoop AJ;Comellas G;Maryum N;Wang S;Uno BE;Wildeman EL;Gonen T;Rienstra CM;Burke MD
Amphotericin has remained the powerful but highly toxic last line of defense in treating life-threatening fungal infections in humans for over 50 years with minimal development of microbial resistance. Understanding how this small molecule kills yeast is thus critical for guiding development of derivatives with an improved therapeutic index and other resistance-refractory antimicrobial agents. In the widely accepted ion channel model for its mechanism of cytocidal action, amphotericin forms aggregates inside lipid bilayers that permeabilize and kill cells. In contrast, we report that amphotericin exists primarily in the form of large, extramembranous aggregates that kill yeast by extracting ergosterol from lipid bilayers. These findings reveal that extraction of a polyfunctional lipid underlies the resistance-refractory antimicrobial action of amphotericin and suggests a roadmap for separating its cytocidal and membrane-permeabilizing activities. This new mechanistic understanding is also guiding development of the first derivatives of amphotericin that kill yeast but not human cells.
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通讯作者:
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