Comparison of cortical EEG responses to realistic sham versus real TMS of human motor cortex
Comparison of cortical EEG responses to realistic sham versus real TMS of human motor cortex
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brs.2018.08.003
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Ziemann, Ulf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gordon, Pedro Caldana;Desideri, Debora;Ziemann, Ulf
背景资料：脑电（EEG）记录的经颅磁刺激（TMS）皮层反应分析已成功地应用于人类皮层生理学的研究。然而，除了皮层神经元和纤维的（期望的）激活，TMS还引起通过听觉和躯体感觉刺激产生的（不希望的）间接脑反应，可能对整个EEG信号有显著贡献，并掩盖了对直接皮层反应的干预效果。目的：测试EEG对强度高于和低于静息运动阈值（RMT）的真实的TMS和真实假刺激的反应差异。12名健康受试者参加了一个会议，其中单脉冲TMS在3个不同的块中应用于左侧运动皮层，每个块150个脉冲：110%RMT，90%RMT和真实假刺激。皮层反应由64电极EEG系统收集。方法：对12名健康受试者的左侧运动皮层进行单脉冲经颅磁刺激（TMS），分为3个不同的区块，每区块150个脉冲：110%RMT、90%RMT和真实假刺激。皮层反应由64通道EEG系统收集。结果：所有条件下的诱发电位均有显著性差异，110%RMT组诱发电位的振幅最高，而假手术组的振幅最低。与刺激前基线相比，假刺激对诱导的皮层振荡仅有轻微影响，90%RMT的TMS导致显著增加（50-200 m s），然后下降（200-500 m s）的α和β振荡的功率;在110%RMT的TMS导致在晚冰期β功率的额外增加结论：真实的运动皮层经颅磁刺激引起的皮层反应与真实的假刺激有显著差异。这些差异很可能在很大程度上反映了神经元的直接激活，而不是感觉诱发活动。(C)2018爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Background: The analysis of cortical responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) has been successfully applied to study human cortical physiology. However, in addition to the (desired) activation of cortical neurons and fibers, TMS also causes (undesired) indirect brain responses through auditory and somatosensory stimulation, which may contribute significantly to the overall EEG signal and mask the effects of intervention on direct cortical responses.Objectives: To test differences in EEG responses to real TMS at intensities above and below resting motor threshold (RMT) and a realistic sham stimulation.Methods: 12 healthy subjects participated in one session in which single-pulse TMS was applied to the left motor cortex in 3 different blocks, 150 pulses per block: 110%RMT, 90%RMT and realistic sham stimulation. Cortical responses were collected by a 64 electrode EEG system. TMS evoked potentials (TEPs) and TMS induced oscillations were analyzed.Methods: 12 healthy subjects participated in one session in which single-pulse TMS was applied to the left motor cortex in 3 different blocks, 150 pulses per block: 110%RMT, 90%RMT and realistic sham stimulation. Cortical responses were collected by a 64-channel EEG system. TMS evoked potentials (TEPs) and TMS induced oscillations were analyzed.Results: TEPs from all conditions differed significantly, with TEPs from 110%RMT showing overall highest amplitudes and realistic sham lowest amplitudes. Sham stimulation had only minor effects on induced cortical oscillations compared to pre-stimulus baseline, TMS at 90%RMT resulted in a significant increase (50-200 m s) followed by a decrease (200-500 m s) in power of alpha and beta oscillations; TMS at 110% RMT led to an additional increase in beta power at late latencies (650-800 m s).Conclusions: Real TMS of motor cortex results in cortical responses significantly different from realistic sham. These differences very likely reflect to a significant extent direct activation of neurons, rather than sensory evoked activity. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.