The Reliability and Validity of Four Types of Vocabulary Tests
The Reliability and Validity of Four Types of Vocabulary Tests
复制标题
四种词汇测试的信度和效度
DOI：
10.1080/00220671.1929.10879971
复制
发表时间：
1929
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
V. M. Sims
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. M. Sims
在过去的几年里，已经提出了许多测试词汇的方法，但是似乎还没有尝试客观地确定确保词汇量的最佳方法。几位作者报告了他们自己的测试的可靠性和有效性，但是这些数据被确定的条件从测试到测试变化如此之大，以至于他们没有理由得出关于最佳测试类型的结论。Dolch 1对常用的测试类型进行了非常令人满意的分析，并对每种类型的优缺点进行了很好的讨论;但这种讨论的主要部分是基于个人意见，或心理分析而不是实验。本文的目的是报告四种最常用的词汇测试的相对信度和效度的调查结果。大多数建议的词汇测试方法和作者所知道的所有已发表的测试都可以归类为以下类型之一：（1）识别测试，其中单词被口头或视觉呈现给个体受试者，或通过两种方法，并要求受试者通过定义，使用，同义词，插图或其他方式口头识别单词。与斯坦福大学修订版的比奈-西蒙测验结合使用的特曼词汇表是这类测验的经典例子。(2)多重反应测试，其中沿着测试单词呈现三个、四个或更多个单词或短语，其中一个是该单词的正确定义。受试者通常通过在定义下面画一条线来识别正确的定义。两个最常用的测试，桑代克词汇知识测试和英格利斯英语词汇测试，很好地说明了这一类型。(3)匹配测试，其中测试单词以列的形式呈现，并与这些单词一起沿着？这些定义以平行列的形式呈现，但排列顺序不同;受试者需要按照与测试单词相同的顺序排列这些定义。底特律单词识别测验与南辛顿-普利茅斯英语词汇
Numerous methods for testing vocabulary have been suggested dur ing the past few years, but no attempt to determine objectively the best means for securing a measure of vocabulary seems to have been made. Several authors report the reliability and validity of their own tests, but the conditions under which these data are determined vary so much from test to test that they do not justify the drawing of conclusions concerning the best type of test. Dolch1 has made a very satisfactory analysis of the more common types of tests used, and he presents a good discussion of the merits and demerits of each type ; but the major por tion of this discussion is based upon personal opinion, or psychological analysis rather than experimentation. It is the purpose of this paper to report the results of an investigation of the relative reliability and validity of the four types of tests most commonly used for measuring vocabulary. Most of the suggested methods for testing vocabulary and all of the published tests that the writer knows of may be classified under one of the following types: (1) Identification tests, where the words are pre sented orally, visually, or by both methods to the individual subject and the subject asked to respond by orally identifying the word through definition, use, synonym, illustration or otherwise. Terman's Word List, used in connection with the Stanford Revision of the Binet-Simon Tests is the classical example of this type. (2) Multiple-response tests, where along with the test word are presented three, four, or more words or phrases, one of which is the correct definition of the word. The subject identifies the correct definition usually by drawing a line under it. Two of the most commonly used tests, the Thorndike Test of Word Knowledge and the Inglis Test of English Vocabulary, well illustrate this type. (3) Matching tests, where the test words are presented in columns and along with these word? the definitions are presented in a parallel column, but arranged in different order ; the subject being required to arrange the definitions in the same order as the test words. The Detroit Word Recognition Test and the Southington-Plymouth English Vocabulary