Designing resilient, sustainable systems
Designing resilient, sustainable systems
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DOI：
10.1021/es0344819
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Fiksel, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fiksel, J
追求可持续发展要求对工业产品和服务系统的设计采取系统的方法。尽管许多商业企业已经采用了可持续发展目标，但可持续系统的实际开发仍然具有挑战性，因为需要在整个系统生命周期中考虑广泛的经济、环境和社会因素。传统的系统工程实践试图预测和抵御中断，但可能容易受到不可预见的因素的影响。另一种选择是通过利用多样性、效率、适应性和内聚力等基本属性来设计具有固有“弹性”的系统。以前关于可持续设计的工作主要集中在生态效率的提高上。例如，公司发现，降低材料和能源强度，将废物转化为有价值的二次产品，为股东和整个社会创造价值。为了鼓励更广泛的系统思维，提出了一种设计协议，该协议包括以下步骤：确定系统功能和边界、确定需求、选择适当的技术、开发系统设计、评估预期性能和设计系统部署的实用方法。该方法鼓励明确考虑工程系统和嵌入它们的较大系统的弹性。
Pursuit of sustainable development requires a systems approach to the design of industrial product and service systems. Although many business enterprises have adopted sustainability goals, the actual development of sustainable systems remains challenging because of the broad range of economic, environmental and social factors that need to be considered across the system life cycle. Traditional systems engineering practices try to anticipate and resist disruptions but may be vulnerable to unforeseen factors. An alternative is to design systems with inherent "resilience" by taking advantage of fundamental properties such as diversity, efficiency, adaptability, and cohesion. Previous work on sustainable design has focused largely upon ecological efficiency improvements. For example, companies have found that reducing material and energy intensity and converting wastes into valuable secondary products creates value for shareholders as well as for society at large. To encourage broader systems thinking, a design protocol is presented that involves the following steps: identifying system function and boundaries, establishing requirements, selecting appropriate technologies, developing a system design, evaluating anticipated performance, and devising a practical means for system deployment. The approach encourages explicit consideration of resilience in both engineered systems and the larger systems in which they are embedded.