Effects of gestational stress: 2. Evaluation of male and female adult offspring
Effects of gestational stress: 2. Evaluation of male and female adult offspring
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.023
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发表时间：
2009-11-20
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Bielajew, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker, Stephanie;Rees, Stephanie;Bielajew, Catherine
妊娠期施加的身体束缚是一种常用的人类妊娠应激动物模型。这种模式的后果已经在成年雄性大鼠中使用多种生理和行为指标进行了广泛研究。然而，雌性后代的行为表现却在很大程度上被忽视了。本研究对成年的长 - 埃文斯大鼠后代（55 - 90日龄）进行了研究，包括雄性和雌性，是对母鼠及其幼崽受到孕期束缚（妊娠第10天至第19天）后果的后续报告。生理指标包括体重和发情周期规律。高架十字迷宫和出现测试用于测量焦虑，T - 迷宫测试用于测量认知。通过分层线性模型对数据进行分析，以考虑同窝幼崽的嵌套情况。与同性对照组相比，应激母鼠所生的雄性在实验周期间体重增加逐渐减缓，而应激母鼠所生的雌性在整个过程中体重稳定且较低。在测试的第一周，应激组中有25%的雌性发情周期不规律，而对照组中没有；在随后的几周里，这种组间差异在1%到11%之间。在焦虑测量中观察到了细微的影响：在高架十字迷宫中头部下探行为的分析中，性别和应激组之间存在交互作用，并且应激组的出现潜伏期缩短。结果表明，在不同发育阶段研究母鼠应激对两性后代的影响是很重要的。（C）2009爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Physical restraint applied during gestation is a commonly employed animal model of human pregnancy stress. The consequences of such a paradigm have been extensively investigated in adult male rats using a variety of physiological and behavioral measures. The behavioral repertoire of female offspring, however, has been largely ignored. The current study examines adult offspring-male and female Long Evans rats (55-90 days of age) and is a follow-up report to the consequences of maternal restraint (gestation days 10 through 19) in mother rats and their juvenile offspring. Physiological measures included weight and estrous cycle regularity. Elevated plus maze and emergence tests were used to measure anxiety, and the T-maze test, cognition. Data were analyzed via hierarchical linear modeling to account for the nesting of offspring within litters. Compared to same-sex controls, males from stressed mothers displayed a progressive attenuated weight gain over experimental weeks while females from stressed mothers maintained a stable, lower weight throughout. Twenty-five percent of females in the stressed group and none in the control group displayed irregular cycles in the first week of testing; on subsequent weeks, this group discrepancy ranged from 1% to 11%. Subtle effects were observed in anxiety measures: an interaction between sex and stress group in the analysis of head dip behavior in the elevated plus maze and decreased emergence latencies in stress groups. Results demonstrate the importance of examining the effects of maternal stress in offspring of both sexes at various developmental stages. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.