Towards improved dynamic photosynthesis in C3 crops by utilising natural genetic variation
Towards improved dynamic photosynthesis in C3 crops by utilising natural genetic variation
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erac100
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发表时间：
2022-03-17
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Tanaka, Yu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sakoda, Kazuma;Adachi, Shunsuke;Tanaka, Yu
在田间环境下，波动的光照条件诱导动态光合作用，这影响作物植物的碳增益。阐明尚未开发的种质资源间的自然遗传变异及其潜在机制，可以为通过分子育种手段改善动态光合作用并最终提高作物产量提供有效的策略。在本文中，我们首先概述了影响动态光合作用的两个过程，即（1）与CO2固定和光保护相关的生化过程和（2）从大气到叶绿体基质的气体扩散过程。接下来，我们将回顾与这两个过程有关的动态光合作用的种内和种间变化。植物对不同水文环境的适应是气孔气体扩散引起的自然遗传变异的基础。这强调了光合和气孔动态的协调，以优化田间环境下的碳增益和水分利用效率之间的平衡的重要性。最后，我们讨论了未来的挑战，利用自然遗传变异，提高动态光合作用。应引入高通量表型分析支持的正向遗传学方法来评估遗传和环境因素及其相互作用对动态光合作用自然变异的影响。
Under field environments, fluctuating light conditions induce dynamic photosynthesis, which affects carbon gain by crop plants. Elucidating the natural genetic variations among untapped germplasm resources and their underlying mechanisms can provide an effective strategy to improve dynamic photosynthesis and ultimately, improve crop yields through molecular breeding approaches. In this review, we first overview two processes affecting dynamic photosynthesis, namely (1) biochemical processes associated with to CO2 fixation and photoprotection and (2) gas diffusion processes from the atmosphere to the chloroplast stroma. Next, we review the intra- and interspecific variations in dynamic photosynthesis in relation to each of these two processes. It is suggested that plant adaptations to different hydrological environments underlie natural genetic variation explained by gas diffusion through stomata. This emphasizes the importance of the coordination of photosynthetic and stomatal dynamics to optimize the balance between carbon gain and water use efficiency under field environments. Finally, we discuss future challenges in improving dynamic photosynthesis by utilising natural genetic variation. The forward genetic approach supported by high-throughput phenotyping should be introduced to evaluate the effects of genetic and environmental factors and their interactions on the natural variation in dynamic photosynthesis.