Tumor DNA: an emerging biomarker in head and neck cancer.
Tumor DNA: an emerging biomarker in head and neck cancer.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10555-017-9685-x
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发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Agrawal N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bellairs JA;Hasina R;Agrawal N
头颈部癌是一种常见于上呼吸消化道粘膜上皮的恶性肿瘤。头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）是HNC最常见的形式，发生于口腔、咽和喉，与烟草暴露、酒精滥用和致癌病毒感染有关。尽管全球在癌症护理方面取得了进展，但HNSCC通常表现为晚期疾病，并且5年生存率较低，约为50%。对肿瘤组织进行基因分型以指导临床决策在现代肿瘤学中变得越来越普遍，但在HNSCC的管理中，细胞病理学或组织病理学的组织活检仍然是诊断的主要手段。此外，常规活检在时间和空间上都是有限的，通常只能提供异质性肿瘤单个区域的简要快照。在缺乏有用的生物标志物的情况下，原发性和复发性HNSCC均通过常规成像和临床检查进行诊断。因此，许多患者被诊断为晚期疾病。肿瘤DNA是HNSCC中新兴的生物标志物。DNA片段不断从肿瘤和转移性病变中脱落，因此可以在血液和其他体液中检测到。利用下一代测序技术，可以对这些肿瘤DNA进行表征和定量。这可以作为一种微创液体活检，允许特定的肿瘤分析，动态肿瘤负荷监测，并积极监测疾病复发。在HNSCC中，肿瘤DNA分析有可能增强肿瘤谱，帮助确定患者预后，并指导治疗决策。
Head and neck cancer (HNC) includes a diverse range of malignancies arising commonly from mucosal epithelia of the upper aerodigestive tract. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the most common form of HNC, develops in the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx and is associated with tobacco exposure, alcohol abuse, and infection with oncogenic viruses. Despite global advances in cancer care, HNSCC often presents with advanced disease and is associated with poor 5-year survival of ~50%. Genotyping tumor tissue to guide clinical decision-making is becoming commonplace in modern oncology, but in the management of HNSCC, tissue biopsies with cytopathology or histopathology remain the mainstay for diagnosis. Furthermore, conventional biopsies are temporally and spatially limited, often providing a brief snapshot of a single region of a heterogeneous tumor. In the absence of a useful biomarker, both primary and recurrent HNSCCs are diagnosed with conventional imaging and clinical examination. As a result, many patients are diagnosed with advanced disease. Tumor DNA is an emerging biomarker in HNSCC. DNA fragments are constantly being shed from tumors and metastatic lesions, and can therefore be detected in blood and other bodily fluids. Utilizing next-generation sequencing techniques, these tumor DNA can be characterized and quantified. This can serve as a minimally invasive liquid biopsy allowing for specific tumor profiling, dynamic tumor burden monitoring, and active surveillance for disease recurrences. In HNSCC, analysis of tumor DNA has the potential to enhance tumor profiling, aid in determining patient prognosis, and guide treatment decisions.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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