An impact and adaptation assessment of changing coastal fishing grounds and fishery industry under global change
An impact and adaptation assessment of changing coastal fishing grounds and fishery industry under global change
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11027-020-09922-5
复制
发表时间：
2020-07-15
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Tian, Yongjun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ho, Ching-Hsien;Yagi, Nobuyuki;Tian, Yongjun
随着全球变化，全球中纬度和高纬度海洋的鱼类分布和洄游模式发生了变化。自20世纪80年代以来，日本海的海表温度（SST）明显升高。这些洄游鱼类种群变化背后的机制很难从一般捕捞渔业数据库中确定。本研究收集了日本西部富山湾的长期集网渔获数据，分析了渔获物的组成。结果表明，在对马暖流和里满冷流前缘的海岸带，海温升高引起了冷水鱼和暖水鱼的存在和渔期的波动。此外，基于多维尺度和聚类分析的结果表明，研究时段可划分为5个聚类：(1)1963 ~ 1964年、(2)1966 ~ 1972年、(3)1973 ~ 1998年、(4)1999 ~ 2006年和(5)2007 ~ 2013年；相似度为89%。这些星团之间的边界与海温、太平洋年代际振荡和北太平洋环流振荡的变化时间相似。对这些群落的物种组成变化分析表明，这些群落与对马暖流和里曼冷流强度的变化有关。富山湾低纬度鱼类，特别是中小型鱼类，向北扩张，类似于高纬度鱼类向极地扩张。基于风险管理的原则和研究结果，将本研究推荐的适应策略分为主动适应和计划适应两类。(1)建立灾前适应能力：主动适应强调应对海洋渔业生产的不确定性，提高当地社区的复原力。(2)在气候灾害期间和之后建立复原力：计划适应可用于通过实施生产和销售调整来管理海产品供应的不确定性，也可用于减轻气候变化对海洋渔业和当地沿海社区的影响。
Changes in fish distribution and migration patterns have occurred in mid- and high-latitude oceans worldwide in response to global change. Since the 1980s, the sea surface temperature (SST) of the Sea of Japan has increased significantly. The mechanisms behind these changes in migratory fish assemblages are difficult to determine from general capture fishery databases. This study collected a long-term dataset of set-net catches reported from Toyama Bay in western Japan to analyse catch compositions. The results indicated that in the coastal zone at the front of the Tsushima warm current and Liman cold current, increased SSTs have caused fluctuations both in the presence of cold-water and warm-water fish and in the timing of fishing seasons. Additionally, the results based on multi-dimensional scaling and cluster analyses showed that the study period can be divided into 5 clusters: (1) 1963-1964, (2) 1966-1972, (3) 1973-1998, (4) 1999-2006, and (5) 2007-2013; the similarity value was 89%. The boundaries between these clusters were similar to the timing of changes in SST, Pacific decadal oscillation, and North Pacific gyre oscillation. A species composition change analysis of these clusters showed that clustering was associated with changes in the intensities of the Tsushima warm current and Liman cold current. A northward expansion of low-latitude fish species, especially small- and medium-sized fish, was observed in Toyama Bay, similar to the expansion of high-latitude fish species into polar regions. Based on the principles of risk management and these research results, the adaptation strategies recommended in this study were differentiated into two categories: proactive adaptation and planned adaptation. (1) Establishment of pre-disaster adaptation capability: Proactive adaptation emphasizes countering the uncertainty in marine fishery production and improving the resilience of local communities. (2) Establishment of resilience during and after climate disasters: Planned adaptation can be used to manage uncertainty in the seafood supply by implementing adjustments in production and marketing and also to mitigate the impact of climate variation on the marine fishery industry and local coastal communities.