Diversification dynamics in the Neotropics through time, clades, and biogeographic regions.
Diversification dynamics in the Neotropics through time, clades, and biogeographic regions.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.74503
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发表时间：
2022-10-27
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Condamine FL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meseguer AS;Michel A;Fabre PH;Pérez Escobar OA;Chomicki G;Riina R;Antonelli A;Antoine PO;Delsuc F;Condamine FL
杰出的新热带生物多样性的起源和演变是一个激烈辩论的问题。由于缺乏广泛的系统发育和生态背景下的深时间比较数据，全面的理解受到阻碍。在这里，我们量化了150种种子植物和四足动物的样本（12，512种）中新热带多样化的普遍多样化轨迹和驱动因素，并评估了它们在新热带地区和分类群中的变化。分析表明，新热带区的多样性主要是随着时间的推移而扩大（70%的分支），而饱和和下降的多样性分别占新热带区多样性的21%和9%。五个地理区域被确定为新热带区长期演化的独特单元，包括泛亚马逊河流域、干对角线和巴哈马-安的列斯群岛。多样化动态在这些地区并没有不同，这表明在长期的新热带多样化没有地理结构。与此相反，多样化动态不同类群：植物多样性主要是随着时间的推移（88%），而四足动物多样性的大部分（43%）积累在一个缓慢的步伐或下降到现在。这些相反的进化模式可能反映了植物和四足动物科普过去气候变化的不同能力。
The origins and evolution of the outstanding Neotropical biodiversity are a matter of intense debate. A comprehensive understanding is hindered by the lack of deep-time comparative data across wide phylogenetic and ecological contexts. Here, we quantify the prevailing diversification trajectories and drivers of Neotropical diversification in a sample of 150 phylogenies (12,512 species) of seed plants and tetrapods, and assess their variation across Neotropical regions and taxa. Analyses indicate that Neotropical diversity has mostly expanded through time (70% of the clades), while scenarios of saturated and declining diversity account for 21% and 9% of Neotropical diversity, respectively. Five biogeographic areas are identified as distinctive units of long-term Neotropical evolution, including Pan-Amazonia, the Dry Diagonal, and Bahama-Antilles. Diversification dynamics do not differ across these areas, suggesting no geographic structure in long-term Neotropical diversification. In contrast, diversification dynamics differ across taxa: plant diversity mostly expanded through time (88%), while a substantial fraction (43%) of tetrapod diversity accumulated at a slower pace or declined towards the present. These opposite evolutionary patterns may reflect different capacities for plants and tetrapods to cope with past climate changes.