Economic impacts of new unionization on private sector employers: 1984-2001
Economic impacts of new unionization on private sector employers: 1984-2001
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DOI：
10.1162/0033553042476189
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
Lee, DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DiNardo, J;Lee, DS
由于缺乏有关具有工会状况信息的机构的大量代表性数据，因此很难估计工会化对雇主的经济影响。选择偏差也使估计结果变得混乱，因为工会可以在高利润企业组织起来，这些企业更有可能发展并支付更高的工资。本文使用代表 1984 年至 1999 年间美国面临组织驱动力的企业的多个企业级数据集，使用断点回归设计来估计工会化对企业生存、就业、产出、生产率和工资的影响。本质上，工会勉强赢得选举（例如，以一票之差）的雇主的结果与工会勉强失败的雇主的结果进行了比较。分析发现对我们检查的所有结果影响很小；对工资的估计接近于零。证据表明，至少在近几十年来，要求雇主与经过认证的工会讨价还价的法律规定对雇主几乎没有产生经济影响，因为工会在确保工资大幅增长方面有些不成功。
Economic impacts of unionization on employers are difficult to estimate in the absence of large, representative data on establishments with union status information. Estimates are also confounded by selection bias, because unions could organize at highly profitable enterprises that are more likely to grow and pay higher wages. Using multiple establishment-level data sets that represent establishments that faced organizing drives in the United States during 1984-1999, this paper uses a regression discontinuity design to estimate the impact of unionization on business survival, employment, output, productivity, and wages. Essentially, outcomes for employers where unions barely won the election (e.g., by one vote) are compared with those where the unions barely lost. The analysis finds small impacts on all outcomes that we examine; estimates for wages are close to zero. The evidence suggests that-at least in recent decades-the legal mandate that requires the employer to bargain with a certified union has had little economic impact on employers, because unions have been somewhat unsuccessful at securing significant wage gains.