Engineering ultrasmall water-soluble gold and silver nanoclusters for biomedical applications
Engineering ultrasmall water-soluble gold and silver nanoclusters for biomedical applications
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DOI：
10.1039/c3cc47512c
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Xie, Jianping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo, Zhentao;Zheng, Kaiyuan;Xie, Jianping
核心尺寸小于2纳米的金和银纳米团簇或金/银纳米颗粒由于其独特的物理化学性质，如明确的分子结构、离散的电子跃迁、量子化电荷和强发光，已成为纳米颗粒研究的一个有吸引力的前沿。由于这些独特的性质、超小的尺寸和良好的生物相容性，Au/Ag纳米材料在生物成像、生物传感、抗菌药物和癌症治疗等各种生物医学应用方面具有巨大的潜力。在这篇专题文章中，我们将首先讨论一些关键的生物学考虑因素，如生物相容性和肾清除，用于生物医学应用的Au/Ag nc，导致一些设计标准的功能性Au/Ag nc在生物环境中。根据这些生物学方面的考虑，我们将调查一些有效的合成策略，以制备蛋白质和肽保护的Au/Ag NCs，并重点介绍我们最近在这一快速发展的领域的贡献。在最后一部分，我们将重点介绍这些蛋白质和肽保护的Au/Ag NCs的一些潜在的生物医学应用。相信随着对生物分子保护的Au/Ag NCs与生物系统相互作用的不断了解，科学家们可以在很大程度上认识到Au/Ag NCs在生物医学应用方面的巨大潜力，从而最终为其临床应用铺平道路。
Gold and silver nanoclusters or Au/Ag NCs with core sizes smaller than 2 nm have been an attractive frontier of nanoparticle research because of their unique physicochemical properties such as well-defined molecular structure, discrete electronic transitions, quantized charging, and strong luminescence. As a result of these unique properties, ultrasmall size, and good biocompatibility, Au/Ag NCs have great potential for a variety of biomedical applications, such as bioimaging, biosensing, antimicrobial agents, and cancer therapy. In this feature article, we will first discuss some critical biological considerations, such as biocompatibility and renal clearance, of Au/Ag NCs that are applied for biomedical applications, leading to some design criteria for functional Au/Ag NCs in the biological settings. According to these biological considerations, we will then survey some efficient synthetic strategies for the preparation of protein-and peptide-protected Au/Ag NCs with an emphasis on our recent contributions in this fast-growing field. In the last part, we will highlight some potential biomedical applications of these protein-and peptide-protected Au/Ag NCs. It is believed that with continued efforts to understand the interactions of biomolecule-protected Au/Ag NCs with the biological systems, scientists can largely realize the great potential of Au/Ag NCs for biomedical applications, which could finally pave their way towards clinical use.