Aerosol and droplet generation from performing with woodwind and brass instruments
Aerosol and droplet generation from performing with woodwind and brass instruments
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DOI：
10.1080/02786826.2021.1947470
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发表时间：
2021-06-29
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Bzdek, Bryan R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McCarthy, Lauren P.;Orton, Christopher M.;Bzdek, Bryan R.
由于新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）大流行，表演艺术受到了极大的限制。我们报告了吹奏木管乐器和铜管乐器时产生的气溶胶和液滴浓度的测量结果，并与呼吸、说话和唱歌进行了比较。这些测量是在0.5-20 μ m直径范围内零浓度气溶胶背景的房间中进行的，可以清楚地将检测到的颗粒归因于特定的活动。9名参与者共检查了13种工具。根据多个参与者吹长笛和短笛以及整个队列的测量结果，演奏乐器时的可吸入颗粒物数量浓度和大小分布与参与者呼吸时的可吸入颗粒物数量浓度和大小分布一致。由于参与者之间存在很大的可变性，我们没有对演奏不同乐器产生的气溶胶进行比较评估，而是只考虑在所研究的所有乐器中气溶胶产量的变化。弹奏乐器产生的颗粒数量和质量浓度均低于高音量说话和唱歌产生的颗粒数量和质量浓度，未检测到直径为20 μ m的大液滴。综上所述，这些观察结果表明，演奏乐器产生的气溶胶比大声说话或唱歌产生的气溶胶少。此外，专业表演者和业余表演者在呼吸、说话或唱歌时产生的气溶胶浓度没有差异，这表明专业歌手的结论也适用于业余表演者。
The performing arts have been significantly restricted due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. We report measurements of aerosol and droplet concentrations generated when playing woodwind and brass instruments and comparisons with breathing, speaking, and singing. These measurements were conducted in a room with zero number concentration aerosol background in the 0.5-20 mu m diameter size range, allowing clear attribution of detected particles to specific activities. A total of 13 instruments were examined across 9 participants. Respirable particle number concentrations and size distributions for playing instruments are consistent with those from the participant when breathing, based on measurements with multiple participants playing the flute and piccolo as well as measurements across the entire cohort. Due to substantial interparticipant variability, we do not provide a comparative assessment of the aerosol generated by playing different instruments, instead considering only the variation in aerosol yield across all instruments studied. Both particle number and mass concentrations from playing instruments are lower than those from speaking and singing at high volume, and no large droplets >20 mu m diameter are detected. Combined, these observations suggest that playing instruments generates less aerosol than speaking or singing at high volumes. Moreover, there is no difference between the aerosol concentrations generated by professional and amateur performers while breathing, speaking, or singing, suggesting conclusions for professional singers may also apply to amateurs.