Environmental dynamics of pesticides in the drainage area of the São Lourenço River headwaters, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Environmental dynamics of pesticides in the drainage area of the São Lourenço River headwaters, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
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巴西马托格罗索州圣洛伦索河源头流域农药环境动态
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Dores
中科院分区：
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作者：
Karen Pinheiro Casara;A. Vecchiato;Carolina Lourencetti;Alício A. Pinto;E. Dores
本研究评估了巴西马托格罗索州圣洛伦索河上游农药的环境动态。2009年8月至2010年7月收集的水（雨水、地表水、地下水和径流）和沉积物（径流和底部）样本中的农药莠去津、粉唑醇、异丙甲草胺、α-硫丹和β-硫丹及其代谢物硫丹硫酸盐、去乙基莠去津和去异丙基莠去津，采用固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱-选择离子监测法进行了测定。径流和雨水大气沉降是地表水污染的重要途径，主要是沉积物中的高吸附农药，β硫丹的最大浓度为2，218微克/千克，阿特拉津的最大浓度为28.3微克/升。硫丹硫酸盐、莠去津和异丙甲草胺是检测频率最高的化合物。淋溶是一个重要的非现场迁移过程，主要是由于土壤的含水特性和地下水位的深度较低，导致地下水以及地表水通过地下水流污染。
This study assessed the environmental dynamics of pesticides in the Sao Lourenco River headwaters, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The pesticides atrazine, flutriafol, metolachlor, α- and β-endosulfan and the metabolites endosulfan sulfate, desethylatrazine and desisopropylatrazine were determined in water (rain, surface, ground and runoff) and in sediment (runoff and bottom) samples, collected from August 2009 to July 2010, by SPE-GC/MS-SIM (solid phase extraction-gas chromatography/mass detector with selected ion monitoring). Runoff and rain atmospheric deposition showed to be important pathways for surface water contamination mainly by highly sorbed pesticides found in sediment with maximum concentration of 2218 μg kg-1 for β-endosulfan, and in water with maximum concentration of 28.3 μg L-1 for atrazine. Endosulfan sulfate, atrazine and metolachlor were the compounds with the highest frequency of detection. Leaching was an important process of off-site transport mainly due to the hydric behavior of soil and the low depth of water table, leading to contamination of groundwater as well as surface water via subsurface flow.