EFFECTS ON CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM OF HYPERNATREMIC AND HYPONATREMIC STATES
EFFECTS ON CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM OF HYPERNATREMIC AND HYPONATREMIC STATES
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DOI：
10.1038/ki.1976.82
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发表时间：
1976-01-01
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
GUISADO, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ARIEFF, AI;GUISADO, R
低钠血症和高钠血症患者在各种临床情况下都是常见的。这些电解质异常的临床表现中最突出的是中枢神经系统功能障碍和/或感觉障碍。并非罕见，这些患者有其他相关的医疗条件，这可能会改变盐和水平衡异常所呈现的临床表现。尽管如此，高钠血症或低钠血症受试者均可能出现意识模糊、嗜睡、肌无力或肌阵挛[1]，并且经常观察到癫痫发作。因此，看来类似的中枢神经系统功能异常可能是由电解质和渗透压平衡的不同紊乱引起的。本文旨在综述低钠血症和高钠血症状态引起的中枢神经系统的临床、解剖学和生化变化，并试图将这些变化与观察到的中枢神经系统疾病联系起来。
Both hyponatremic and hypernatremic patients are commonly encountered in a wide variety of clinical situations. Most prominent among the clinical manifestations of either of these electrolyte abnormalities are central nervous system symptomatology and/or disorders of sensorium. Not infrequently, such patients have other associated medical conditions, which may modify the clinical picture presented by the abnormalities of salt and water balance. Nonetheless, both hyper- or hyponatremic subjects may present with confusion, lethargy, muscle weakness or myoclonus [1], and seizures are frequently observed. Thus, it would appear that similar abnormalities of central nervous system function may be induced by dissimilar disturbances of electrolyte and osmotic equilibrium. It is the purpose of the present paper to review the clinical, anatomical and biochemical changes in the central nervous system induced by hypo- and hypernatremic states, and to attempt to correlate these changes with the observed central nervous system disorders.