Neuropsychological outcome in adolescents/young adults with childhood ADHD: profiles of persisters, remitters and controls
Neuropsychological outcome in adolescents/young adults with childhood ADHD: profiles of persisters, remitters and controls
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01926.x
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Newcorn, Jeffrey H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halperin, Jeffrey M.;Trampush, Joey W.;Newcorn, Jeffrey H.
背景：本研究对患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的青少年/年轻成人和对照组的神经心理功能进行了纵向调查，以了解ADHD持续存在的功能。我们假设执行过程的测量与青少年的临床状态相似，与adhd持续存在者，而不是缓解者，显著不同于对照组。相比之下，坚持者和缓解者被假设在需要较少努力处理的任务上表现相似，但与对照组不同。方法：98名儿童期诊断为ADHD的参与者在大约10年后被重新评估。85名年龄、智商和性别分布相似的未患多动症的对照组作为对照组。参与者接受了精神病学访谈和神经心理学测试。结果：与对照组相比，儿童ADHD患者表现出广泛的神经心理缺陷。当根据青少年ADHD状态对儿童期ADHD组进行细分时，与对照组相比，坚持者和缓解者都表现出知觉敏感性和反应变异性不足，并且固态活动记录仪记录的踝关节运动增加。只有坚持者与控制组在更费力的执行过程的几个衡量标准上有所不同。结论：研究结果为以下假设提供了初步支持：ADHD与早期出现和持久的皮层下功能障碍有关，而在发育过程中的恢复与执行控制功能的改善有关。
Background: This study examined neuropsychological functioning in a longitudinal sample of adolescents/young adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and controls as a function of the persistence of ADHD. We hypothesized that measures of executive processes would parallel adolescent clinical status, with ADHD-persisters, but not remitters, differing significantly from controls. In contrast, persisters and remitters were hypothesized to perform similarly, and different from controls, on tasks requiring less effortful processing. Methods: Ninety-eight participants diagnosed with ADHD in childhood were reevaluated approximately 10 years later. Eighty-five never-ADHD controls similar in age, IQ, and sex distribution served as a comparison group. Participants were administered a psychiatric interview and neuropsychological test battery. Results: Those with childhood ADHD demonstrated broad neuropsychological deficits relative to controls. When the group with childhood ADHD was subdivided based on adolescent ADHD status, compared to controls, both persisters and remitters showed deficient perceptual sensitivity and response variability, and increased ankle movements recorded by a solid-state actigraph. Only persisters differed from controls on several measures of more effortful executive processes. Conclusions: Findings provide preliminary support to the hypothesis that ADHD is associated with early-appearing and enduring subcortical dysfunction, while recovery over the course of development is associated with improvements in executive control functions.