What have we learned from "perturbing" the human cortical motor system with transcranial magnetic stimulation?
What have we learned from "perturbing" the human cortical motor system with transcranial magnetic stimulation?
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2010.00173
复制
发表时间：
2010-10-19
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Paus, Tomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chouinard, Philippe A.;Paus, Tomas
本文的目的是双重的。首先，我们将回顾人们可以使用经颅磁刺激（TMS）来研究其对运动行为和人脑神经连接的影响的不同方法。其次，我们将展示基于tms的研究中获得的证据，表明背侧运动前区（PMd）、腹侧运动前区（PMv）、辅助运动区（SMA）和前辅助运动区（pre-SMA）在运动行为中各自发挥不同的作用。我们强调了PMd在基于任意线索的反应选择和手臂运动控制中的重要性，PMv在抓取和身体动作辨别中的重要性，SMA在动作排序和双手协调中的重要性，以及前SMA在认知控制中的重要性。我们还将讨论如何使用经颅磁刺激来绘制临床人群中“真正的”大脑重组图，以及如何将经颅磁刺激用作促进中风后运动恢复的治疗工具。我们将通过讨论一些方法上的挑战和在基础和临床神经科学中使用该工具的未来方向来结束我们的回顾。
The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, we will review different approaches that one can use with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to study both its effects on motor behavior and on neural connections in the human brain. Second, we will present evidence obtained in TMS-based studies showing that the dorsal premotor area (PMd), the ventral premotor area (PMv), the supplementary motor area (SMA), and the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) each have different roles to play in motor behavior. We highlight the importance of the PMd in response selection based on arbitrary cues and in the control of arm movements, the PMv in grasping and in the discrimination of bodily actions, the SMA in movement sequencing and in bimanual coordination, and the pre-SMA in cognitive control. We will also discuss ways in which TMS can be used to chart "true" cerebral reorganization in clinical populations and how TMS might be used as a therapeutic tool to facilitate motor recovery after stroke. We will end our review by discussing some of the methodological challenges and future directions for using this tool in basic and clinical neuroscience.