Frequency, comorbidity, and psychosocial impairment of anxiety disorders in German adolescents
Frequency, comorbidity, and psychosocial impairment of anxiety disorders in German adolescents
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DOI：
10.1016/s0887-6185(99)00039-0
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Petermann, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Essau, CA;Conradt, J;Petermann, F
德国青少年焦虑障碍的发生频率、共病和心理社会损害是通过对1,035名12-17岁学生的调查估计的。这些青少年是从德国不莱梅省的36所学校随机挑选的。焦虑症和其他精神疾病根据《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》第四版的标准进行编码，使用计算机化慕尼黑版复合国际诊断访谈。焦虑障碍在青少年中的发生率为18.6%。当考虑焦虑症的亚型时，恐惧症是最常见的。创伤后应激障碍和强迫症的发生率较低，低于2%。恐慌症和广泛性焦虑症最不常见，发病率远低于1%。焦虑症在女孩中明显高于男孩，并且随着年龄的增长而增加。共病经常发生，既在焦虑症中也与其他精神疾病一起发生。最常见的合并症是焦虑和抑郁障碍。尽管大量焦虑症病例存在心理社会障碍，至少在疾病最严重的时期是这样，但只有少数人寻求治疗。最后，我们讨论了一些研究重点在儿童和青少年的焦虑症领域。(C)2000爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
The frequency, comorbidity, and psychosocial impairment of anxiety disorders among German adolescents was estimated from a survey of 1,035 students aged 12-17 years. The adolescents were randomly selected from 36 schools in the province of Bremen, Germany. Anxiety disorders and other psychiatric disorders were coded based on criteria from the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Menial Disorders, using the computerized Munich version of the Composite International Di- agnostic Interview. Anxiety disorders occurred frequently in our sample of adolescents, with a rate of 18.6%. When considering the subtypes of anxiety disorders, phobia was the most common. Posttraumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder occurred less frequently with rates below 2%. Panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder were the least common, with rates well below 1%. Anxiety disorders were significantly higher in girls than in boys, and that the rates increased with age. Comorbidity occurs quite frequently, both within the anxiety disorders and also with other psychiatric disorders. The most common pattern of comorbidity was that of anxiety and depressive disorders. Although a high number of anxiety cases were psychosocially impaired, at least during the worst episode of their disorders, only a few of them sought treatment for their problems. We conclude by discussing some research priorities in the area of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.