SOME METHODS FOR CALCULATING COMPETITION COEFFICIENTS FROM RESOURCE-UTILIZATION SPECTRA
SOME METHODS FOR CALCULATING COMPETITION COEFFICIENTS FROM RESOURCE-UTILIZATION SPECTRA
复制标题
DOI：
10.1086/282911
复制
发表时间：
1974-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
SCHOENER, TW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SCHOENER, TW
当食物中各种资源的相对频率已知时， 可以计算给出竞争者j对i的影响的竞争系数 阿斯韦里 Tj/Ti=消费者消费的物品数量的比率， 竞争者j的个体消耗的能量与竞争者i的个体消耗的能量之比， 在一段时间内测量，包括所有有规律的波动， 两个物种的消耗; dik=资源k在 竞争者i的饮食（对于djk也是如此）; fk= 资源k在环境中的固定频率; bik=净 竞争者i的个体从资源k的项目获得的卡路里，或 更近似地是资源k的项目中所包含的卡路里，或者仍然是 更近似地是资源k的项目的重量或体积;并且 所有的资源都被至少一个竞争的 物种该系数来自麦克阿瑟（1968）的消费者资源 当承载能力与内在增长率之比为 对所有资源都是恒定的。当花在觅食上的时间的相对频率 在已知栖息地种类的情况下，竞争系数可计算为：其中（Tj/Ti）' =总花费时间的比率 竞争者j的个体在所有栖息地中寻找食物， 参赛者i的个人花费; bik=如上所述，但 资源k是生境k中的平均食物项目;和总和取为 以前这个系数，在相同的资源限制和假设相等 竞争物种每单位搜索时间的消耗率也如下 从麦克阿瑟的系统里它等于Levins-MacArthur α（方程式。[3])时 假设或已知（Tj/Ti）' = 1，并且B '为 平等
When relative frequencies of resource kinds in the diet are known, the competition coefficient giving the effect of competitor j on i may be computed aswhere Tj/Ti= the ratio of the number of items consumed by an individual of competitor j to that consumed by an individual of competitor i, measured over an interval of time that includes all regular fluctuations in consumption for both species; dik= the frequency of resource k in the diet of competitor i (and similarly for djk); fk= the standing frequency of resource k in the environment; bik= the net calories gained by an individual of competitor i from an item of resource k, or more approximately the calories contained in an item of resource k, or still more approximately the weight or volume of an item of resource k; and the summations are taken over all resources eaten by at least one of the competing species. The coefficient follows from MacArthur's (1968) consumer-resource system when the ratio of the carrying capacity to intrinsic rate of increase is constant for all resources. When relative frequencies of time spent foraging in habitat kinds are known, the competition coefficient may be computed aswhere (Tj/Ti)' = the ratio of the total time spent searching for food by an individual of competitor j in all habitats to that spent by an individual of competitor i; bik= as above, except resource k is the average food item in habitat k; and summations are taken as before. This coefficient, with the same resource restrictions and assuming equal consumption rates per unit search time for the competitor species, follows also from MacArthur's system. It equals the Levins-MacArthur α (eq. [3]) when it is assumed or known that (Tj/Ti)' = 1 and the b 's are equal.