The failure of the Tacoma Bridge: A physical model
The failure of the Tacoma Bridge: A physical model
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DOI：
10.1119/1.2201854
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Unruh, William G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, Daniel;Unruh, William G.
多年来，塔科马海峡大桥倒塌的原因一直是一个备受争议和困惑的话题。尽管一直有大量证据支持负阻尼模型，但对观测到的现象的许多错误描述限制了对塌陷的理解。负阻尼或正反馈是造成许多系统中大幅度振荡的原因，从乐器到塔科马海峡大桥故障。我们讨论一些更广为人知的正反馈示例，然后展示风与振动桥的相互作用，特别是桥面上方和下方大规模涡流的发展，如何导致这种正反馈不稳定。我们通过计算、实验和历史数据支持我们的模型。 (C) 2006 年美国物理教师协会。
The cause of the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge has been a topic of much debate and confusion over the years. Many mischaracterizations of the observed phenomena have limited the understanding of the collapse even though there has always been an abundance of evidence in favor of a negative damping model. Negative damping, or positive feedback, is responsible for large amplitude oscillations in many systems, from musical instruments to the Tacoma Narrows Bridge failure. We discuss some of the more well known examples of positive feedback, and then show how the interaction of the wind with the oscillating bridge, especially the development of large scale vortices above and below the deck of the bridge, led to such a positive feedback instability. We support our model by computational, experimental, and historical data. (C) 2006 American Association of Physics Teachers.