Dietary toxicity of manganese to shrimp and its accumulation in bioflocs
Dietary toxicity of manganese to shrimp and its accumulation in bioflocs
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DOI：
10.1111/anu.12480
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
D. Kuhn;A. Lawrence;J. Crockett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Kuhn;A. Lawrence;J. Crockett
在处理鱼类废水时，使用醋酸盐、甘油或糖作为碳补充剂，在中试规模的生物反应器中生产生物絮凝物。将生物絮凝物干燥并评估其营养质量和成分适用性。结果发现，所有生物絮凝体都含有过量的锰（9,500 mg kg-1）。进行了如下两项试验：（i）第一个饲养试验是为期 6 周的实验，以确定锰对没有生物絮凝物的饲料中的虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）的膳食毒性；（ii）第二个饲养试验（5 周）是使用上述锰含量较高的生物絮凝物进行的。在第一次喂养试验中，实验饲料中锰的浓度不断增加：260、570、1,100、2,300 和 3,500 mg kg-1。锰含量高于 570 mg kg-1 会显着 (p < .05) 影响虾的生长。这些结果表明，这些生物絮凝剂在日粮中的最大理论含量为 100 g kg-1。在第二次饲喂试验中，实验日粮含有不同来源的生物絮凝物：醋酸生物絮凝物 100 g kg-1、甘油生物絮凝物 100 g kg-1、蔗糖生物絮凝物 100 g kg-1 替代豆粕和醋酸生物絮凝物 100 g kg-1-FM（替代鱼粉）。与对照相比，甘油生物絮凝物 100 g kg-1 和醋酸生物絮凝物 100 g kg-1-FM 显着 (p < .05) 抑制虾的生长。本文的研究结果表明，需要仔细考虑生物絮凝剂中微量元素含量可能升高的情况。
Bioflocs were produced in pilot-scale biological reactors using acetate, glycerine or sugar as a carbon supplement while treating fish-effluent waters. Bioflocs were dried and evaluated for nutritional quality and ingredient suitability. It was discovered that all bioflocs had excess manganese levels (9,500 mg kg–1). Two trials were conducted as follows: (i) first feeding trial was a 6-week experiment to determine the dietary toxicity of manganese to shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in diets without bioflocs, and (ii) the second feeding trial (5 weeks) was conducted with the aforementioned bioflocs with elevated manganese content. In first feeding trial, experimental diets contained increasing concentrations of manganese: 260, 570, 1,100, 2,300, and 3,500 mg kg–1. Levels of manganese above 570 mg kg–1 significantly (p < .05) impacted shrimp growth. These results suggested that the maximum theoretical inclusion rate of these bioflocs into the diet was 100 g kg–1. In second feeding trial, experimental diets contained the different sources of bioflocs: acetate biofloc 100 g kg–1, glycerine biofloc 100 g kg–1, sucrose biofloc 100 g kg–1 replacing soybean meal and acetate biofloc 100 g kg–1–FM (replaced fishmeal). Compared to the control, the glycerine biofloc 100 g kg–1 and acetate biofloc 100 g kg–1–FM significantly (p < .05) suppressed shrimp growth. The findings in this article demonstrate that careful considerations are needed in regard to potential elevated levels of trace elements in biofloc.