Paracetamol self-poisoning - Characteristics, prevention and harm reduction
Paracetamol self-poisoning - Characteristics, prevention and harm reduction
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DOI：
10.1192/bjp.168.1.43
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
Weitzel, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hawton, K;Ware, C;Weitzel, H
背景资料。扑热息痛现在是英国最常见的用于自我中毒的药物，与潜在的致命肝损伤有关。方法对因服用扑热息痛过量而入院的患者进行研究，以确定他们的特点和可能阻止他们服用扑热息痛的因素，以减少过量服用扑热息痛的危险。对80名住院患者进行了结构化访谈计划、抑郁和自杀意向的测量、通过牛津自杀未遂监测系统收集的信息以及肝功能测试结果的研究。急性肝功能不全(25例)与服用25片以上有关(优势比为4.46，95%可信区间为1.31~17.41，P=0.014)。泡罩包装(60%)和松散制剂(46%；5名患者同时使用这两种类型)中片剂的比例反映了它们的普遍可用性。从松散制剂中服用片剂的人(69%)比使用泡沫袋制剂的人(40%；优势比=3.095%可信区间1.12至9.95P=0.028)更多地摄入25片或更多的片剂。只有20名患者认为任何类型的警告标签都会阻止他们过量服用扑热息痛。确定个别制剂中可用片剂的最大数量(例如25片)可能会降低扑热息痛自我中毒的危险。其他措施的潜在效果尚不确定。
Background. ParacetamoI is now the most common drug used for self-poisoning in the UK and is associated with potentially fatal liver damage. Patients admitted to hospital because of paracetamol overdoses were studied in order to determine their characteristics and factors which might have deterred them from taking paracetamol or reduced the dangers of the overdose.Method. Eighty patients were studied in hospital using a structured interview schedule, measures of depression and suicidal intent, information collected through the Oxford Monitoring System for Attempted Suicide, and the results of liver function tests.Results. Acute liver dysfunction (25 patients) was associated with consumption of more than 25 tablets (odds ratio 4.46, 95% CI 1.31 to 17.41, P = 0.014). The proportionate use of tablets from blister packs (60%) and loose preparations (46%; 5 patients using both types) reflected their general availability. More of those who took tablets from a loose preparation consumed 25 or more tablets (69%) than those who used a blister-pack preparation (40%; odds ratio = 3.0, 95% CI 1.12 to 9.95, P = 0.028). Only 20 patients thought that any type of warning label would have deterred them from taking a paracetamol overdose.Conclusions. Establishing a maximum number of tablets (e.g. 25) that can be available in individual preparations is likely to reduce the dangers of paracetamol self-poisoning. The potential effects of other measures are uncertain.