An Exploration of Rhythmic Grouping of Speech Sequences by French- and German-Learning Infants.
An Exploration of Rhythmic Grouping of Speech Sequences by French- and German-Learning Infants.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2016.00292
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Nazzi T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abboub N;Boll-Avetisyan N;Bhatara A;Höhle B;Nazzi T
音乐和语言中的节奏可以由几个声学线索的星座来表征。个别而言，这些线索对节奏感知有不同的影响：持续时间交替的声音序列被感知为短-长对（弱-强/抑扬格模式），而强度或音高交替的声音序列被感知为弱-软或高低对（强-弱/扬抑模式）。这种知觉偏差被称为扬比克-特罗夏克定律（Iambic-Trochaic Law，ITL），它被认为是听觉系统的一种普遍特性，在音乐和语言领域都有应用。最近的研究表明，语言经验可以调节独立中介语对成年人的言语和非言语序列以及7.5个月大婴儿的非言语序列的节奏感知的影响。本研究的目的是探讨语言经验是否也调节婴儿的言语分组。为了做到这一点，我们向单语法语和德语学习的7.5个月大的婴儿提供了音节序列。使用头转向偏好程序（HPP），我们检查他们是否能够感知音节序列中的节奏结构，这些音节在持续时间，音高或强度上交替变化。我们的研究结果表明，无论是法语和德语学习的婴儿认为节奏结构时，它是由持续时间或音高，但不是强度提示。我们的研究结果还显示，这些婴儿如何使用持续时间和音高线索组音节序列的差异，这表明音高线索是更容易使用的。此外，不同语言的表现没有差异，未能揭示早期语言对节奏感知的影响。这些结果有助于我们理解节奏感知的起源以及音乐和语音之间共享的感知机制，这可能会引导语言习得。
Rhythm in music and speech can be characterized by a constellation of several acoustic cues. Individually, these cues have different effects on rhythmic perception: sequences of sounds alternating in duration are perceived as short-long pairs (weak-strong/iambic pattern), whereas sequences of sounds alternating in intensity or pitch are perceived as loud-soft, or high-low pairs (strong-weak/trochaic pattern). This perceptual bias—called the Iambic-Trochaic Law (ITL)–has been claimed to be an universal property of the auditory system applying in both the music and the language domains. Recent studies have shown that language experience can modulate the effects of the ITL on rhythmic perception of both speech and non-speech sequences in adults, and of non-speech sequences in 7.5-month-old infants. The goal of the present study was to explore whether language experience also modulates infants’ grouping of speech. To do so, we presented sequences of syllables to monolingual French- and German-learning 7.5-month-olds. Using the Headturn Preference Procedure (HPP), we examined whether they were able to perceive a rhythmic structure in sequences of syllables that alternated in duration, pitch, or intensity. Our findings show that both French- and German-learning infants perceived a rhythmic structure when it was cued by duration or pitch but not intensity. Our findings also show differences in how these infants use duration and pitch cues to group syllable sequences, suggesting that pitch cues were the easier ones to use. Moreover, performance did not differ across languages, failing to reveal early language effects on rhythmic perception. These results contribute to our understanding of the origin of rhythmic perception and perceptual mechanisms shared across music and speech, which may bootstrap language acquisition.