Breakdown of Vibrio cholerae biofilm architecture induced by antibiotics disrupts community barrier function
Breakdown of Vibrio cholerae biofilm architecture induced by antibiotics disrupts community barrier function
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DOI：
10.1038/s41564-019-0579-2
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
28.3
通讯作者：
Drescher, Knut
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Diaz-Pascual, Francisco;Hartmann, Raimo;Drescher, Knut
自然界中的细菌细胞经常暴露于化学环境的变化中(1,2)。分离细胞对此类刺激的反应机制已被详细研究。相比之下，人们对环境变化（例如抗生素暴露）的多细胞反应知之甚少，而这可能是了解最常见类型细菌群落（生物膜）的结构和功能的关键。在这里，通过监测霍乱弧菌生物膜中的所有单个细胞在接触通常用于霍乱感染的抗生素期间，我们发现翻译抑制剂对细胞大小和形状以及生物膜结构特性产生强烈影响。我们发现单细胞水平的反应是由蛋白质合成抑制的代谢后果引起的，群落水平的反应是由细胞间基质组成、基质解离和机械相互作用的相互作用引起的。我们进一步观察到，抗生素引起的生物膜结构变化通过使不同物种的噬菌体和入侵细胞入侵生物膜，对生物膜种群动态和群落组装产生重大影响。生物膜暴露于抗生素的这些机械原因和生态后果是理解细菌对环境变化的集体反应的重要一步，对抗菌治疗对生物膜群落生态演替的影响具有影响。
Bacterial cells in nature are frequently exposed to changes in their chemical environment(1,2). The response mechanisms of isolated cells to such stimuli have been investigated in great detail. By contrast, little is known about the emergent multicellular responses to environmental changes, such as antibiotic exposure(3-7), which may hold the key to understanding the structure and functions of the most common type of bacterial communities: biofilms. Here, by monitoring all individual cells in Vibrio cholerae biofilms during exposure to antibiotics that are commonly administered for cholera infections, we found that translational inhibitors cause strong effects on cell size and shape, as well as biofilm architectural properties. We identified that single-cell-level responses result from the metabolic consequences of inhibition of protein synthesis and that the community-level responses result from an interplay of matrix composition, matrix dissociation and mechanical interactions between cells. We further observed that the antibiotic-induced changes in biofilm architecture have substantial effects on biofilm population dynamics and community assembly by enabling invasion of biofilms by bacteriophages and intruder cells of different species. These mechanistic causes and ecological consequences of biofilm exposure to antibiotics are an important step towards understanding collective bacterial responses to environmental changes, with implications for the effects of antimicrobial therapy on the ecological succession of biofilm communities.