Phylogeny, historical biogeography, and diversification of angiosperm order Ericales suggest ancient Neotropical and East Asian connections
Phylogeny, historical biogeography, and diversification of angiosperm order Ericales suggest ancient Neotropical and East Asian connections
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2018.01.014
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Sytsma, Kenneth J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rose, Jeffrey P.;Kleist, Thomas J.;Sytsma, Kenneth J.
在被子植物的系统发育中，推测菊科植物的家族间关系一直是一个比较棘手的问题，这可能是由于一种快速的、古老的辐射。因此，没有对该目进行全面的时间校准树或生物地理分析。在此基础上，利用23块大型化石和2个二级定标点，对三分之一的现存物种多样性进行了分类群和位点丰富的超矩阵方法，分析了该目的系统发育关系，并进行了生物地理和多样性分析。我们的结果证实了以前的研究，也提出了一些新的但缺乏支持的关系。新发现的亲缘关系有：(1)全寄生的Mitrastemonaceae是乳香科的姐妹，(2)由Mitrastemonaceae +乳香科组成的分支是Ericales的姐妹，不包括balsaminoids，(3)山茶科是styracoids + sarracenioids + ericoids的姐妹，(4)与Ericaceae的亚科关系表明，Arbutoideae是Monotropoideae的姐妹，Pyroloideae是所有亚科的姐妹，不包括Arbutoideae， Enkianthoideae和Monotropoideae。我们的研究结果表明，在11亿年前，在印度-马来西亚和新热带地区，erica开始多样化，两个地区之间的交流和向印度-马来西亚以外的扩张成为塑造许多科现存多样性的重要领域。在104亿至106亿年前，沿着该目的主干发生了快速的枝状发育。在过去的30年中，跳跃扩散在该目中是重要的，但在系统发育的更深层次上，变异是最重要的分支发育驱动因素。我们在整个目中发现了69到81次物种形成率的变化，其中绝大多数发生在过去30年中。我们提出，范围转移可能是导致物种形成率较早变化的原因，但最近的变化可能更好地解释为形态创新。
Inferring interfamilial relationships within the eudicot order Ericales has remained one of the more recalcitrant problems in angiosperm phylogenetics, likely due to a rapid, ancient radiation. As a result, no comprehensive time-calibrated tree or biogeographical analysis of the order has been published. Here, we elucidate phylogenetic relationships within the order and then conduct time-dependent biogeographical and diversification analyses by using a taxon and locus-rich supermatrix approach on one-third of the extant species diversity calibrated with 23 macrofossils and two secondary calibration points. Our results corroborate previous studies and also suggest several new but poorly supported relationships. Newly suggested relationships are: (1) holoparasitic Mitrastemonaceae is sister to Lecythidaceae, (2) the clade formed by Mitrastemonaceae + Lecythidaceae is sister to Ericales excluding balsaminoids, (3) Theaceae is sister to the styracoids + sarracenioids + ericoids, and (4) subfamilial relationships with Ericaceae suggest that Arbutoideae is sister to Monotropoideae and Pyroloideae is sister to all subfamilies excluding Arbutoideae, Enkianthoideae, and Monotropoideae. Our results indicate Ericales began to diversify 110 Mya, within Indo-Malaysia and the Neotropics, with exchange between the two areas and expansion out of Indo-Malaysia becoming an important area in shaping the extant diversity of many families. Rapid cladogenesis occurred along the backbone of the order between 104 and 106 Mya. Jump dispersal is important within the order in the last 30 My, but vicariance is the most important cladogenetic driver of disjunctions at deeper levels of the phylogeny. We detect between 69 and 81 shifts in speciation rate throughout the order, the vast majority of which occurred within the last 30 My. We propose that range shifting may be responsible for older shifts in speciation rate, but more recent shifts may be better explained by morphological innovation.