A global-to-local sub modelling approach to investigate the effect of lubrication during double diaphragm forming of multi-ply biaxial non-crimp fabric preforms
A global-to-local sub modelling approach to investigate the effect of lubrication during double diaphragm forming of multi-ply biaxial non-crimp fabric preforms
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DOI：
10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.110590
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发表时间：
2023-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
F. Yu;S. Chen;G. Lawrence;N. Warrior;L. Harper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Yu;S. Chen;G. Lawrence;N. Warrior;L. Harper
采用双膜片成形（DDF）技术，研究了由多层无卷曲织物（NCF）构成的预制件的成形行为。采用已建立的多分辨率有限元成形模拟方法，研究了铺层顺序对织物起皱形成的影响。对于包含单层或多层方向的铺层，在织物褶皱的位置和数量方面，FE模拟显示与使用相同几何结构进行的实验非常一致。仿真结果表明，刀具表面的凸双曲线特征导致织物过剪，加之织物桥接，导致起皱。此外，多层预制体中不同的层间剪切变形导致局部纤维压缩导致额外的皱纹。实验证实了使用液体树脂作为层间润滑剂来减轻面外皱纹的可行性，但这被发现会损害纤维结构在局部凸区的稳定性，导致额外的面内纤维错位。
The forming behaviour of preforms constructed from multiple plies of Non-Crimp Fabric (NCF) has been investigated for manufacturing a complex double-curved geometry using Double Diaphragm Forming (DDF). An established multi-resolution finite element forming simulation has been employed to investigate the effect of the ply layup sequence on the formation of fabric wrinkles. FE simulations are shown to be in good agreement with experiments performed using the same geometry, in terms of the location and number of fabric wrinkles, for layups containing single or multi-ply orientations. Simulation results indicate that the convex double-curved features on the tool surface induce fabric over-shearing, coupled with fabric bridging, leading to wrinkles. In addition, the dissimilar inter-ply shear deformations in multi-ply preforms result in local fibre compression causing additional wrinkles. Experiments confirm the feasibility of using liquid resin as an inter-ply lubricant to mitigate out-of-plane wrinkles, but this is found to compromise the stability of the fibre architecture in local convex regions, causing additional in-plane fibre misalignment.