PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY OF SMOKING AND NICOTINE DEPENDENCE
PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY OF SMOKING AND NICOTINE DEPENDENCE
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02196920
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发表时间：
1995-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
BRESLAU, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRESLAU, N
最近的流行病学研究表明，精神障碍的共病比之前怀疑的要普遍得多。据报道，特定物质使用障碍之间以及任何精神障碍和任何物质使用障碍之间都存在很强的相关性。这份报告的重点是尼古丁依赖的共病，这是一种几乎没有流行病学信息的物质使用障碍。数据来自对密歇根州东南部约1000名年轻人的流行病学研究，其中使用了根据DSM-III-R修订的NIMH-DIS。尼古丁依赖的终生患病率为20%。与不依赖吸烟者和不吸烟者的总和相比，有尼古丁依赖的男性和女性患酒精和非法药物障碍、严重抑郁症和焦虑症的几率增加。严重的抑郁症和任何焦虑症都与尼古丁依赖特别相关。与不吸烟者相比，非吸烟者患酒精或非法药物障碍的几率也有所增加。早期行为问题史增加了吸烟者尼古丁依赖的几率。对尼古丁依赖共病的可能机制进行了讨论。
Recent epidemiologic studies have revealed that comorbidity of psychiatric disorders is far more pervasive than previously suspected. Strong associations have been reported between specific substance use disorders and between any mental disorder and any substance use disorder. This report focuses on comorbidity of nicotine dependence, a substance use disorder on which little epidemiologic information is available. Data come from an epidemiologic study of approximately 1000 young adults in southeast Michigan, in which the NIMH-DIS, revised according to DSM-III-R, was used. Lifetime prevalence of nicotine dependence was 20%. Males and females with nicotine dependence had increased odds for alcohol and illicit drug disorders, major depression, and anxiety disorders, compared with nondependent smokers and nonsmokers combined. Major depression and any anxiety disorder were associated specifically with nicotine dependence. Increased odds for alcohol or illicit drug disorders were observed also in nondependent smokers, compared to nonsmokers. History of early conduct problems increased the odds for nicotine dependence among smokers. Potential mechanisms in the comorbidity of nicotine dependence are discussed.